@(#)top: ######## ################## ###### ###### ##### ##### #### #### ## ##### #### #### #### #### #### ##### ##### ## ## #### ## ## ## ### ## #### ## ## ## ##### ######## ## ## ## ##### ## ## ## ## ## ##### ## ## ######## ## ## ## ### ## ## #### ## ## ##### #### #### #### #### ##### #### #### #### #### #### ###### ##### ## ###### ###### Issue #15 ################## Version 1.0 ######## April 1998 (Text Logo design by Mark Lawrence - mark.lawrence@regency.tafe.sa.edu.au) ------------------------------------------------------------------------- @(#)contents: Table of Contents Features 6. Click to Mode Switch: The 40-80 Mouse switch by Michael Nausch (Reference: hw) You have graduated from a 64 to a "you'll have to pry my dead fingers from the keyboard" 128. However, your favorite editor works only in 40 column mode and your application runs in 80 column mode. Your 40/80 key is giving you carpal tunnel sybndrome, and you think no end is in sight. Well, let Michael Nausch relieve some of your problems with this innovative project. 8. The Canonical List of Commodore Produced Products, v2.0 by Jim Brain (Reference: list) In 1994, I decided to determine what specific models of CBM equipment I had in my collection, and I posted the results on the Internet, with some simple questions I had. Well, responses came in, and thus began the Commodore Products List, aiming to catalog every model and mutation of every product Commodore ever produced. Extended with information gleaned over the last year, I present version 2.0 of this reference work. 11. Scott Ballantyne : Blazing into Forth - An Interview by Jim Lawless (Reference: forth) Have you ever wondered who wrote the programming language you use for your projects, or why? Well, for those who have ever used Blazin' FORTH, here's your chance to get the scoop on how the Commodore implementation of FORTH came to be. 15. Technical Information on the VIC-20 by Ward Shrake (Reference: vic) Of the CBM 8-bits, the 64/128 machines garner the most talk and support. However, the VIC-20 maintains a loyal and devoted following, in spite of living in the shadow of its bigger brothers. Ward Shrake provides some pin out information and technical notes on the "friendly computer", Commodore's first home computer system. Columns 4. Hi Tech Trickery by Sean Adams (Reference: trick) Well, just when you thought everything about the NMOS 65XX line had been documented, exploited, and understood, Sean proves everyone wrong. Sean discusses a previously unknown side effect of the illegal $AF opcode that turns on extra cicutry in the NMOS code and reduces cycle exuction times by almost half for 3+ cycle opcodes! Imagine executing an Indirect X EOR (Opcode $41) in 3 cycles. 10. Hacking BASICs by Richard T. Cunningham (Reference: basic) The JAVA community does not have a monopoly on the concept of "write once, run anywhere". Richard discusses ways to write your BASIC apps so they will run equally well on both the C64 and the C128, while not compromising speed or flexibility. 13. Twiddling the Bits by Frank Kontros (Reference: bits) In this age of 33,600 bps modems with a 56K standard on the way, Getting by with the software UART in the 64 and 128 is even harder to smallow. In the past, commercial offerings like Swiftlink and the new Turbo232 have offered us hope in the form of a hardware UART replacement. However, many do-it-youself folks have put together the DataPump circuit by Perry M. Grodzinski. Well, Frank Kontros has updated this useful circuit with simpler circuitry and an easier layout. Departments 1. The (cough, cough) Hacking Editor (Reference: editor) 2. Input/Output (Reference: io) 3. Newsfront (Reference: news) 5. Hacking the Mags (Reference: mags) 7. FIDO's Nuggets (Reference: fido) 9. Hack Surfing (Reference: surf) 12. Commodore Trivia (Reference: trivia) 14. ? DS, DS$: rem The Error Channel (Reference: error) 16. The Next Hack (Reference: next) 17. Hacking the Code (Reference: code) ------------------------------------------------------------------------- @(#)legal: Commodore Hacking Legal Notice Commodore and the respective Commodore product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of Amiga Technologies, Inc, Gateway 2000, Inc., or Tulip COmputer Corporation. Commodore Hacking is in no way affiliated with any said companies. Commodore Hacking is published 4 times yearly by: Brain Innovations Inc. 10710 Bruhn Avenue Bennington, NE 68007 The magazine is published on on-line networks free of charge, and a nominal fee is charged for alternate mediums of transmission. Permission is granted to re-distribute this "net-magazine" or "e-zine" in its entirety for non-profit use. A charge of no more than US$5.00 may be charged by redistribution parties to cover printed duplication and no more than US$10.00 for other types of duplication to cover duplication and media costs for this publication. If this publications is included in a for-profit compilation, this publication must be alternately available separately or as part of a non-profit compilation. This publication, in regards to its specific ordering and compilations of various elements, is copyright (c) 1995-98 by Brain Innovations, Incorporated, unless otherwise noted. Each work in this publication retains any and all copyrights pertaining to the individual work's contents. For redistribution rights to individual works, please contact the author of said work or Brain Innovations, Inc. Brain Innovations, Inc. assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions in editorial, article, or program listing content. ------------------------------------------------------------------------- @(#)info: Commodore Hacking Information Commodore Hacking is published via the Internet 4 times yearly, and is presented in both ISO-8859-1 and HTML versions. This and previous issues can be found at the Commodore Hacking Home Page (http://www.jbrain.com/chacking/), as well as via FTP (ftp://ftp.jbrain.com/pub/cbm/mags/c=hacking/) In addition, the Commodore Hacking mail server can be used to retrieve each issue. To request a copy of an issue, please send the following electronic mail message: To: ftpmail@mail.jbrain.com Subject: FTPMAIL Body of Message: open cd /pub/cbm/mags/c=hacking/ help ascii send c=hacking13.txt quit To retrieve a PKZIP 1.01 archive of the individual articles in Commodore Hacking, request the file c=hacking13.zip To subscribe to Commodore Hacking and receive new issues as they are published, please send the following email message: To: listserv@mail.jbrain.com Subject: LISTSERV Body of Message: help subscribe chacking-dist Firstname LastName msglen review chacking-dist quit To subscribe to the PKZIP1.01 forma, substitute the following line for the subscribe command above: subscribe chackzip-dist Firstname LastName msglen (msglen is largest size of email message in line you can receive. Each line is roughly 50 characters, so 600 lines is about 30000 bytes. When in doubt, choose 600) example: subscribe c=hacking-dist Jim Brain 600 Although no fee is charged for this magazine, donations are gladly accepted from corporate and individual concerns. All moneys will be used to defray any administrative costs, subscribe to publications for review, and compensate the individual authors contributing to this issue. If you can not obtain Commodore Hacking through any other means and wish to purchase a copy on disk, please address a check or money order to "Jim Brain" and mail to: Jim Brain 10710 Bruhn Avenue Bennington, NE 68007 Disk copies of each issue: USD$5.00 All prices cover only duplication and materials and include shipping in the United States. For disk copies, please specify format: Computer Disk Size Capacity Notes CBM/PETSCII 5.25 inch 170 kB 1541 format 340 kB 1571 format 3.50 inch 800 kB 1581/FD2000 format 1.6 MB FD2000/FD4000 format IBM/ASCII 3.50 inch 720 kB Double Density 1.4 MB High Density Any persons wishing to author articles for inclusion in Commodore Hacking are encouraged to view the submission guidelines on the WWW (http://www.jbrain.com/chacking/). ========================================================================= @(#)rch: Reading C=Hacking Starting with Issue 11 of Commodore Hacking, the new QuickFind indexing system is utilized to aid readers of the text version in navigating the magazine. At the top of each article or other important place in the magazine, a word prefixed with a special string is present. (See the title of this article for an example.) Throughout the magazine, if an article is mentioned, it will be followed by a reference string. For example, if we mentioned this article, we would add (Reference: rch) after the name. By using your favorite editor's search function and searching for the string after the word "Reference:", prefixed by the magic prefix string, will move you directly to the article of choice. To merely skip to the next article in the magazine, search only for the magic prefix string. Some handy indexing strings possibly not referenced anywhere are: top top of issue bottom bottom of issue contents table of contents legal legal notice For those with access to a UNIX system, the command "what" can be run on the issue, which will result in all the article titles being printed. A slightly different magic prefix string "@(A)" is used to delimit sub-topics or main heading in articles. The text after the magic string differs depending on article content. For the Input/Output column (Reference: io), the text after the magic prefix will either be "c" for comment, or "r" for response. In features and columns, a number after the prefix indicates the ordinal of that heading or sub-topic in the article. If a specific sub-topic is referenced elsewhere in the article, a sub-topic reference will be indicated. A reference to "@(A)r" would be written as "(SubRef: r)". As time goes on, the role of this indexing system will be expanded and changed to ease navigation of the text version, but minimize the clutter added by these extra items. ========================================================================= @(#)editor: The Hacking Editor by Jim Brain (editor@mail.jbrain.com) Better Late Than Never Unless you've been offline and out of touch for the past year, you've no doubt wondered what happened to Commodore Hacking. Many thought we had given up the ghost. Well, we are still kicking, although a lot has changed in the time since issue #14 went out. Readers deserve an explanation for our absence, but I'll try to keep it short. The Hacking Headquarters move in '96 delayed issue 13, which delayed issue 14, even though I tried unsuccessfully to meet the issue 14 October 1996 deadline. I tried to edit issue 15 in January 1997, but stopped due to a low number of technical articles. C=H received some criticism after issue 13 for its "diminishing technical content", so I wanted to make sure issue 15 didn't disappoint. The article selection improved by May, but a post in comp.sys.cbm caused work to stop, and I didn't pick up the work again until August. At that time, I chatted with Stephen Judd, who motivated me to get back on the issue. However, just when things started rolling again, my wife took ill, and that brings us to a few weeks ago. In short, it's been a trying time for your editor, but things are finally looking better. Not only is the issue taking shape, but my wife's illness has a silver lining: a tiny BRAIN will be joining us in late July. The astute reader have noticed a trend developing, but I'll clarify. It's safe to say I have more than a few CBM projects in progress, Commodore Hacking being just one. The above underscores the fragile nature of my environment at present, and I have been warned that chaos will rule starting in August. So, it's time to make some changes. The delay for this issue is unacceptable to me, even considering my explanation, and I do not wish to "kill" the publication; I took over editorship expressly to continue this fine journal. With this issue, It is with bittersweet feelings that I formally turn the editorial office over to Stephen Judd. I am convinced that Steve can take this publication into new territory and satisfy even the most discerning of technical reader. I regret that I can no longer provide this publication with the attention it deserves, but I find happiness in returning as a reader and "sometimes" article writer, if Steve deems my work worthy of merit :-). I'll comfort myself with issue 16. I'll just print it out and peruse it at my leisure. Since I still hold the office, I'll introduce our new editor, and hopefully set the correct expectations for the future of Commodore Hacking. In 1995, when Craig Taylor (the originator of C=H) graduated and inquired about a editorial successor, Steve and I both applied. If memory recalls, Steve was active at school, so I took the editorship. Now, my operating environment is less stable. I rather think of it as "tag team editting". Steve brings with him a desire to focus more intently on technical articles and projects. During my tenure as editor, I've tried to create a more "balanced" publication, based on the status of CBM publications in 1995, when I started. In fact, Craig Taylor, this publication's originator, applauded the changes. Nontheless, Craig's early work set the tone for this publication, and I've been remiss in maintaining the level and number of technical articles. Steve and I still feel the "lighter fare" I've introduced has merit, but we think the two should exist in separate publications. To that end, Commodore Hacking will concentrate on delivering plenty of technical content, while I am investigating a monthly newsletter publication for the less technical items. This way, the less technical readers won't have to wait for three months or more for a new installment of Hack Surfing, but the technical readers can concentrate on new algorithms and applications. Steve runs with the technical crowd more than I. This has distinct benefits when publishing a technical magazine. After I took over in 1995, some regular C=H writers had to forego authoring for the publication. That left me scrambling to find new talent to write. Aside from being one of the regular contributors, Steve knows many folks with new ideas and concepts that can only benefit from publication in this journal. So, many changes will accompany issue 16, and I feel confident that most will welcome the changes. However, there are a number of items that will not changes: Commodore Hacking will always succeed or fail on the quality of its content, not Steve's editorship ability. With this new direction, technical articles will comprise the bulk of the publication. If you enjoy the technical aspects of the CBM platform, I ask that you support this journal with an article about your insights or discoveries. It cannot succeed without you. www.jbrain.com will continue to host the home page for Commodore Hacking. I will need to retool the site to convert the new issues, but text issues will always be available, and you can continue to contact the editor of Commodore Hacking at editor@mail.jbrain.com. In addition, the chacking distributions lists will continue to be offered at jbrain.com. In short, only the editor and the style are changing. I would like to thank all of you for supporting Commodore Hacking. In addition, I would like to thank the article contributors. Without you, there would be no publication. And to those who think I am moving on, save your concerns. I am not discontinuing support for Commodore, just making some room in my schedule for some family (and baby) time. Enjoy YOUR magazine, Jim Brain (editor@mail.jbrain.com) editor ========================================================================= @(#)io: Input/Output Obviously, Commodore Hacking depends on the comments and article submissions from the Commodore community to flourish. Everyone sees the articles, but let's not forget those comments. They are very helpful, and every attempt is made to address concerns in them. Address any comments, concerns, or suggestions to: Commodore Hacking 10710 Bruhn Avenue Bennington, NE 68007 editor@mail.jbrain.com (Internet) @(A)c: Kudos for the Mag! From: Tim Wright Dear C=Hacking, I've hit the jackpot... Browsing the Web under the topic C64 I hit this treasure trove of information, all neatly laid out waiting to be downloaded. You are a total and utter star! Keep up the excellent work. Kind Regards, Tim. :-) @(A)r: Well, I am not sure I deserve the credit. I simply package what the Commodore technical community offers and disseminate it to the public. The success of Commodore Hacking ahs more to do with the quality of the folks who compose the content than the dude that pastes it together. So, this goes out to all the past and present article contributors to Commodore Hacking. @(A)c: The "Virtual 1541" Revisited From: HOFMAN%NLEV00@btmv56.se.bel.alcatel.be (Peter Hoffman) Dear C=Hacking, In issue #14 of C=Hacking, there was a small article about a virtual 1541. You wrote: "The closest thing as yet is the 64NET package, which allows you to load and save programs to the IBM PC hard drive like it was a regular CBM drive." I do not agree, I tried an old version of SERVER64, and it comes much closer, since it uses the same cable as X1541, so you just need to build a cable. 64NET is a bit more complicated. I do not know where I got it and who wrote it, but I will look that up. The version I have at home, has some flaws, but I used it with a 286-12MHz PC and that worked. Regards, Peter Hofman @(A)r: We stand corrected. SERVER64 offers the advantage over 64NET that no code modifications are needed to programs to allow them to "see" the virtual drive. The downside of SERVER64 is the slow speed of the serial bus (64NET uses a parallel cable). So, users have two choices for a "virtual drive". For yet another offering, see the next letter: @(A)c: The "Virtual 1541" Revisited, Part 2 From: Torsten Paul Dear C=Hacking, I have good news about your statement about a "Virtual 1541" in Issue 14: I've written a program that emulates the standard serial protocol with a PC (under DOS). This makes it possible to load files without any special software on the C64 side. The only thing needed is a so called 'X1541 cable' to connect the C64 to the PC. It's not possible to load disk sectors or read drive memory and for fastloaders there is no chance at all, because there is no hardware emulation. But you can transparently access disk images, tape images and lynx archives. The program is quite new and not very well tested on different platforms but it works on my two PCs at home (a 486DX4/100 and a really old 386sx/25). It's available under 'http://os.inf.tu-dresden.de/~paul/VC1541/'. Torsten. @(A)r: We tahnk you for the information. So now, users have not one, but three choices if they want to use an IBM PC as a glorified file server. How ironic that a PC would be used in such a way. @(A)c: Giving Birth to Twins (magazines) From: padge@iquest.net (Breelander) Dear C=Hacking, I'd just like to say that you're doing a terrific job with this mag! Also: could you make multiple copies of C=Hacking? (a "small" version and a full blown version) I divide my time between Commodores and PC's pretty evenly, and since I read your mag on a PC with about 200 megs of free space, size is no object to me. So PLEASE! Pack it with stuff! -Bree @(A)r: Well, as we noted above, we appreciate the great reviews, but we really need to pass on those congratulations to the authors and contributors. As for your request for two versions of Commodore Hacking, your wish has been granted, at least in a roundabout way. Check out "The Hacking Editor" (Reference: editor) for details. @(A)c: More "First Computer" Stories From: Jeff Salzman Dear C=Hacking, I read your opening story in C=H #14 and found it quite interesting. I have a similar story which tells how I got my first computer (among other things) documented at: http://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/Heights/3881/ 'Life of a Computer Techie' Please feel free to read it. Jeff Salzman Salzman's Computer Services http://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/Heights/3881/ @(A)r: Alright, another in the camp of the endlessly sentimental. @(A)c: Paging Karl Hildon, Karl Hildon, Please Call the Front Desk! From: f.martin17@genie.com Dear C=Hacking, I sent Email to Karl Hildon via the address you published in the C=Hacking#14 KARL@INFORAMP.NET and when it was returned as "user unknown" I sent 5 more off with various changes to see if I could find a typo..they all came back to me. Is there a different address, did I miss something? I'm dying to get ahold of some of my missing Transactor Magazines..and would love to pick up some of the disks... -Martin @(A)r: Well, it's our fault. Karl can be reached (last time we checked) at karlh@inforamp.net, with an 'H' after KARL. @(A)c: CBM Rulez! TI Droolz! From: Marcus Ickes Dear C=Hacking, I read your article on spending your savings on the VIC instead of the TI. When I was 16 years old, I got the TI99/4A, I want to say, you are right when you said you were fortunate to get the Commodore computer instead. I learned to program in BASIC and did a good job, but that was all I could do. I got an old C64 a few year ago and I am impressed with the engineering that went into it. It is a very well made computer. If I got that when I was 16, I would have learned much more than just BASIC. Thanks for all your hard work putting out Commodore articles. I'm going to start reading them from the first one and try to learn the machine language. Marcus Ickes (ickes@iglobal.net) @(A)r: Well, in spite of our subject, we don't want to slam the TI folks. However, I am very happy fate brought me and the CBM together at that time. At the time, it seemed like I lost out, but 20/20 hindsight tells a different story. @(A)c: "First Computer" Stories, Take 2 From: Lyle Kopnicky Dear C=Hacking, Wow! I'm excited about your magazine. My first computer was a C64, which lasted from 1982 to 1984. My parents replaced it with another which I used until 1986, when I got a C128. I used that faithfully until 1990 when I got an Amiga 2000. In 1993 I attempted to upgrade it, but a crack in the motherboard kept me frustrated for a year or two. Finally, I broke down and bought a Gateway 2000 in 1995, on which I run Linux and Windows 95. I've hacked away on all those machines, although it isn't much fun in Windows. I now have access to a working C64, 1541, and Datasette, and occasionally a C128/1571. I also found a great C64 emulator for Windows 95/NT called PC64. My friends and I just set up a 4-machine network, and we'll be installing Red Hat Linux on a couple of machines. We're looking forward to a lot of hacking fun, and have considered using a C64 or Apple II as a part of the network. Your e-zine will be a great help! I'm happy to say I will be able to contribute as well. Two years ago, over Christmas break, I worked on an interesting C64 software project, designed to take the machine to previously untouched territory. I spent a week or two working on a Scheme interpreter for the 64. If you're not familiar with Scheme, it's a simple but powerful variant of Lisp. I actually made quite a bit of progress, but abandoned it when I no longer had access to the development machine (a C128 in 64 mode). Now, with the availability of the C64 emulator, it will be easier to develop and test this software. I had thought that perhaps no one would find this software useful any longer, but I see now that I have an audience. I'll get back on this project sometime, hopefully soon. Thanks for editing this great e-zine! @(A)r: YES! Scheme needs to be on the 64/128. Please let us know when you get going on the project again. It never ceases to amze us what seemingly "impossible" projects and products manage to appear on the 64/128 platform. @(A)c: The 'I's Have It! From: epratt@andrews.edu (Eric Pratt) Dear C=Hacking, I am pretty happy about the C=Hacking magazine. I access it through lynx at Andrews University. I love to read it from my 64 using Novaterm and I tried to download it recently. But, when I did, I got a few letter 'i's. I contacted Nick Rossi about this and he said that the i's were tabs when there should have been spaces. I would like to save this as a seq file for my word processor (Easy Script) but I don't want to have to edit every issue. That would take a load of time! I am downloading the text version of course and I would like to know if there is any way to get around the tabs. I would just like to download and print to paper. I appreciate your time and your magazine. Thanks. Eric Pratt @(A)r: The earliest issues do indeed exhibit this problem, due to the way they were created (on UNIX). When we get some time and motivation, we'll fix the problem. However, in the meantime, folks with a rudimentary grasp of BASIC should be able to write a "quick and dirty" app that simple reads in the C=H issue from disk, searches for and replaces every occurence of a TAB char (we're pretty sure its 12, but check with your handy reference guide) with 3 or 4 spaces, and writes out the results to a separate file. @(A)c: "First Computer" Stories, Take 3 From: Piotr Walczak Dear C=Hacking, Just to let you know - I heartly agree with your writing. My adventure with computers started somewhere around 1982. Actually it changed my life. Now as computer professional, dealing everyday with the latest computer technology, I am recalling amazement of my first computer experience with VIC-20. Miracle of *programming* =), PEEKing and POKEing memory, frantic drive to master ML, ROM hacking. It opened whole new world and turns to be very emotional unforgetable experience. I guess, there is a lot of people feeling this way. Cheers, Piotr P.S. I really pity those clueles guys who compare 8-bits to Pentium. They are lacking something very important, something what distinguish USERS from lUSERS =) @(A)r: I read the other day how the embedded computer field is having trouble finding employees who can write code in ML that will fit in the cramped quarters of the embedded computer platforms in use today. It seems most new graduates can;t fathom that in todays 64 bit multiple megabyte world, the world is mostly run by machines with are blessed with an 8 bit micro, RAM is a luxury, programs MUST be in ML, and 64 kB of program space is almost unheard of. @(A)c: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly. From: chuck.sommerville@3do.com (Chuck Sommerville) Dear C=Hacking, I wrote a few games for the C64 a while back. Reading your stuff about the C64 brought back some fond memories. I thought I pushed that machine to its limits back when I worked for EPYX. I see There was still some room to do some other wierd stuff. The worst this I ever did was the raster code for Ball Blazer, which had to figure out whether there were 63, 64, or 65 cycles on the scan line, and run 8 different pieces of interrupt code depending on how close to the 40 lost cycles it was. The problem was that I had to write to 2 color registers on two consecutive lines. This is a problem if you have to do it on the bad line. I had to get the timing down to the cycle, syncronized by a timer tuned to the horizontal rate. It actually had to lose the 40 cycles in the middle of a particular instruction. You should have seen the jury rigged logic analyser we built to see the timing! Well, I probably don't have time to read all the back issues of C= hacking, but it is fun to see this is still a topic of discussion. Sincerely, Chuck Sommerville. @(A)r: All we can say is, WOW! We bet there are hundreds of stories like this, where the programmer simply didn't take NO for an answer, and made the 64/128 do what needed to be done. @(A)c: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly. From: lpar@toto.pitton.com Dear C=Hacking, I just *knew* I'd seen something about an idea for a HTML viewer for the C64, found it last night in Hacking #13. I just recently got interested in this, and was wondering what the status is on this project? I wish I could be of some help in contributing to its development, but I'm just not that good a programmer, and my experience with writing HTML documents goes back, uh, almost a week. :) From what little I do know of it, I'd think it could be done, at least most of the important stuff. Maybe a highlighted routine similar to Lynx browsers, with different colors for the different markers, for instance? Anyway, just got to wondering. Thanks. Steve @(A)r: You are correct. I started an HTML article series, and I do hope to finish it. When I started the series, I hoped that by the time the first installment came out or a little while after, a TCP/IP protocol stack would arrive for the 64, and I could write the HTML viewer to sit on top of that. Well, the TCP stack has not yet arrived, and I lost some motivation. But, it's been moved up on my list of projects, since I now need a viewer for the 64/128 for some work I am doing. Nothing like neccessity to get you going. @(A)c: I've Been Waiting SOOOO Long! From: Jeremy Lindeman Dear C=Hacking, I was wondering when the next Commodore Hacking Issue was coming out? J From: George Taylor Dear C=Hacking, What happened to c-hacking? I'd like to repackage all issues into a consistent html/text format. Can I have permission to redistribute them? From: henry.sopko@hwcn.org Dear C=Hacking, Is there going to be anymore new issues of Commodore Hacking comming out or have we seen the end? I hope it will continue, especially with CMD's new accelerator being out now! BFN, henry.sopko@freenet.hamilton.on.ca From: wanderer_rtc@pipeline.com (Richard T. Cunningham) Dear C=Hacking, Any revelation as to when #15 will be out? I hate to say this, but #14 was back in November I think. L8r! Rich From: "Kevin Rowan" Dear C=Hacking, Over here in Australia, sources of cutting-edge Commodore article es and hardware/software hacks are even harder to find than they are in the USA. I've been studiyng your publication schedule for a number of months now, eagerly awaiting C=Hacking Issue 15. Can you say when it might be published? Has something gone wrong? Kevin Rowan Agent86 From: rikard.l@home.se (Rikard Lundblad) Dear C=Hacking, Is C-Hacking still active? I just found this site and I can see that no issues at all was published during 1997. Are all issues available in the .zip-format? From: Ernst Stavro Blofeld Dear C=Hacking, I found C=Hacking in the middle of last year and discovered who much I could still learn about the Commodore. Since I have waited and waited but not gotten any mailings. (I think I have since unsubscribed.) My questions are why do the issue dates on the HTML/TEXT versions not agree with the publication dates in your web-page, and why have the publication dates after Nov96 not been adhered to? Are there no submittions and C=Hacking has shut down?? I know there is a great deal of information being gathered and acted on, just from emailing other Commodore enthusiasts. Also many of the C=Hacking articles were "To Be Continued..." and never were. Please enlighten me. Alex (aka Blofeld) @(A)r: Yes, we're mighty late. The full scoop on the reasons is spelled out in "The Hacking Editor" (Reference: editor), so we won't reprint it here. However, everyone seemed to have a secondary question when asking about when the next issue was to arrive, so let's tackle those: George Taylor: As per the copyright, users can reproduce and redistribute the issues without any problems. As for conversions to HTML, Make sure you do not alter the magazine contents except to mark it up in the HTML format. Rikard Lundblad: Only Issues 11 on are available in ZIPped format. If time permits, we'll convert the older issues to this format. Ernst Stavro Blofeld: Well, submissions did fall off, but the main reason the dates are wrong is that they were never strict. I had tried to get an issue out every 3 months, and I based the schedule on that, but quickly determined that it's tough to stay on target with this magazine. In any case, you are now reading issue #15, and I hope that everyone will forgive the publisher for being late. @(A)c: The Mystery Logo Designer Unvieled From: "Lawrence, Mark" Dear C=Hacking, It's been a very long time since I'd heard anything about the C= Hacking publication, but the other day I'd received an email from someone or other who had read one of the early editions, and my article (sad as it was), and had questions to ask of me! I sniffed around, found that C= Hacking had not only continued on but evolved into something much bigger and better, and it still has the big ascii C=Hacking logo I designed at the top!!! Wow... Still awestruck, Mark.Lawrence@Regency.TAFE.SA.Edu.Au (also 9152427d@lv.levels.unisa.edu.au) @(A)r: So, you're the one who penned our mighty logo. Well, it's been rightly attributed to you on this issue, and we appreciate the check-in after a long trip. My hope is that C=H makes it to 2001, so we can revel in the new century with our magazine and maxhines. @(A)c: CBM and Satellites: Bosom Buddies! From: Alex Measday Dear C=Hacking, Hi! I liked your web site when I happened upon it a year or so ago (back when it was "garnet.msen.com") - you seemed to be a real Renaissance type of guy! - and I just recently revisited it (via Alta-Vista because your address had changed). I thought you might appreciate the following, Commodore-related story. Our company is building the ground control system for AT&T's next Telstar satellite, to be launched in May. (As you might have heard, one of the existing Telstar satellites was killed off by the solar magnetic burst in January.) Although the telemetry rate is fairly slow, the system is pretty high-tech: Solaris workstations, VME PowerPCs running LynxOS, and special hardware for encoding/decoding the command and telemetry data streams. We've been flowing simulated telemetry data through the system, but a couple of weeks ago, we were provided with actual spacecraft telemetry (from ground tests of the satellite). When we opened the box that had been shipped to us, we found: an ordinary looking cassette tape and an old COMMODORE tape drive with a little adapter box for the type of cable we use! We plugged it in, pushed the PLAY button, and watched as our system locked on to real telemetry data. (The tape drive was one of those about the size of a small book with rounded edges. That must have been a newer model than the big, boxy drive I had on my VIC-20.) Alex Measday Integral Systems, Inc. c.a.measday@ieee.org @(A)r: This is an incredible story. After a while, even the most optimistic CBM owner can lose morale after months of PC and Mac stories. This little tidbit gives each of us a boost. Besides, its a very impressive story in its own right. ========================================================================= @(#)news: Newsfront @(A): New Products from LOADSTAR The Compleat New Testament On Disk!: Search and print the King James Version of the New Testament on three 1541 disks or one 1581 disk. SuperCPU and RAMLink compatible for fast searches through multiple books. Export text to Edstar files (Edstar Included!). Include accurate excerpts from The Bible in your presentations and letters because this product is designed to export the scriptures you need. Each book of the New Testament is broken into highlights so that you can easily find key passages by name such as the Sermon On The Mount, Marriage, Divorce, and Spiritual Gifts and hundreds of other topics. Three 5.25-inch disks, #0042D5 $20.00. One 3.5-inch disk #0025D3 $20.00. The Compleat Old Testament on Disk!: Search and print the King James Version of the Old Testament on seven 1541 disks or three 1581 disks. SuperCPU and RAMLink compatible for fast searches through multiple books. Export text to Edstar files (Edstar Included!). Include accurate excerpts from The Bible in your presentations and letters because this product is designed to export the scriptures you need. Each book of the Old Testament is broken into highlights so that you can easily find key passages by name. Seven 5.25-inch disks, #0046D5 $20.00. Three 3.5-inch disks #0025D3, $20.00. Star Extra #1,2,3: All the fun and essentials from the World Wide Web to you without a modem and online charge. All PD software fixed to work right off the bat. No unarching, and no errors. No hassles with weirdly formatted text. All the work has been done for you. Got a CMD SuperCPU plugged into your computer? Well, those programs that would not have worked when you downloaded them have been fixed to work with your SuperCPU without you flipping a single switch! Start Extra #1: One 1581 disk 0024D3 $12. Two 1541 disks #0041D5 $20 Start Extra #2: One 1581 disk 0027D3 $12. Two 1541 disks #0044D5 $20 Start Extra #3: One 1581 disk 0031D3 $12. Two 1541 disks #0048D5 $20 Demos and additional Information available at www.loadstar.com @(A): Do You have (a) Fever! Fron Down Under, it's Commodore Fever, a quarterly publication that contains reviews of new software, websites, and utilities. Each issue is packed with contibuted articles and information on where to buy the latest software. Finally, each issue comes with a cover disk with playable and watchable demos. In the United States, you can order a subscription from Complete Console, the US Distributor. A sample issue is US$6.00, while a 1 year subscription is US$22.00. Obtain more information from netinfo@cryogen.com. @(A): Finland Commodore Site Now Mirrored in USA! Eric Chernoff announced a while back that the ftp.funet.fi pub/cbm area is now available at: Via ftp: ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/micro/commodore Via HTTP: http://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/micro/commodore/frames.html (This page is lynx-friendly as well as Netscape-friendly.) @(A): TIFCU Mailing List Going Strong! For everyone that has purchased Gaelyne Gasson's "The Internet for Commodore Users" (TIFCU), Gaelyne is operating a mailing list to help field questions and comments about the book and its contents. To subscribe to the list, simple send an email: To: listserv@mail.jbrain.com Subject: LISTSERV Message Body: subscribe tifcu FirstName LastName @(A): Commodore Hacking Now Available In Microsoft Word Format For those who read Commodore Hacking while at work (shame on you :-), Troy Heidner has reformatted each issue of Commodore Hacking into Microsoft Word 6 format, for easy PC viewing. His archive is available at: http://www.hbc.ukans.edu/personal/theidner/commodor.htm @(A): Attention MSD Owners! If you are the proud owner of a used MSD SD1 or SD2 disk drives but do not have any documentation, S. Knight can help. He is selling a complete technical manual, affectionately called "The Word, According to MSD" at the MSD headquarters. It contains information on the drives, schematics, a list of revisions, parts inventory, and the technical notes on the Rockwell 6511Q CPU used in the drive electronics. If you would like a copy, contact slknight@ballistic.com for pricing and availability. @(A): Fledgling Commodore User Group Needs Your Support Ken Jones, of the newly formed Connecticut Commodore Business Machines User's Group (CCBMUG) is asking for your help to grow their club. Current dues are $10.00 outside of CT and $10.60 inside of CT. They can accept Visa and MasterCard. A membership includes 6 newsletters, 5 disks fill of shareware, and the benefits of belonging to a fine CBM user's group. If you are interested, please contact Ken at ccbmug@geocities.com. @(A): OS/A65 Version 2.0 Preliminary Release Available Andre Fachat has improved his OS/A65 detailed in Commodore hacking #13. Version 2.0 includes support for SLIP (TCP/IP) server application, a relocatable file format, and better libriary support. The source has been rewritten to offer better porting between architectures with system-specific code being pulled into separate locations. If you would like to install and run this 2.0 beta version, please visit Andre's WWW site at: http://www.tu-chemnitz.de/~fachat/8bit/osa/v2.0/index.html @(A): Wheels 64 Slated for Shipping After many months of development, bug fixing and tecting, Maurice Randall of Click Here Software is readying the final product for shipment. Maurice expects to have disks in customer's hand in April, after finishing last minute bug fixes and testing. For those who do not know, Wheels 64 is the GEOS upgrade developed by Randall to fix numerous bugs in GEOS 2.0, offer better support for CMD peripherals, and provide new features GEOS users have requested. For detailed information and screen shots of Wheels, contact Maurice Randall at: Maurice Randall P.O. Box 606 Charlotte MI 48813 PH: (517)543-5202 for more info or visit my web site at: http://people.delphi.com/arca93/ @(A): Dialogue 128 Now Available as Freeware Gary Farmaner has decided to release Dialogue 128, one of the best terminal emulation programs available for the 128, as freeware. Below is a reprint of the copyright notice: Dialogue 128 - Copyright 1991 by Gary Farmaner I, Gary Farmaner, sole author of the program Dialogue 128, do hereby authorize the release of the program Dialogue 128 and any accompanying documentation, to freeware, NON-COMMERCIAL distribution. THIS IS FREE SOFTWARE. Individuals are encouraged to give away, and post to software distribution sites, copies of the software and any electronically captured form of the documentation, as long as this notice is included. Commercial interests are permitted to distribute the program and documentation as long as this notice is included, and NO CHARGE is made beyond reasonable media and duplication costs (at most $2 for diskette, and $3 for printed documentation). I retain full copyright on the software and documentation, The software and documentation are NOT being released to the public domain. I retain the right to release commercial updates at at future date. The software is released AS IS, without warranties, guarantees, or support of any kind. There is no charge for this software. However, if you do find it useful I would appreciate reading about it. Drop me a line at: dialog@turing.toronto.edu @(A): Back Issues of dieHard Available If you would like to complete your collection of dieHard Magazine, or just want to read an issue or two, the Tresure Valle/ Boise User Group (TV/BUG) is offering issues 11,12,13,18,19,20,21,22,and 23 for sale. If you would like more information on obtaining one or more issues, contact either Brian Crosthwaite at noesis@rmci.net or visit the back issues web page at: http://members.tripod.com/~noesis0/index.html @(A): Brush Up On Commodore Knowledge at CKB Cameron Kaiser has created a unique repository for all information Commodore. The Commodore Knowledge Base (CKB) is a repository for documents and Usenet postings on repair, technical information and programming the Commodore 8-bits. Since December, CKB has accumulated 130 articles total (more articles acquired for storage by newsbot and submission). Some highlights: * a complete analysis of interrupts in the 64 * the Kernal jump table * why you have to smack the RESTORE key * using 41256 RAM chips in the 64 * what to check if your disk drive keeps giving you ?DEVICE NOT PRESENT * programming the CMD hard drive * using ramdisks with CP/M * DIP switch pinouts for the Cardco +G printer interface You can visit the CKB at: http://calvin.ptloma.edu/~spectre/ckb/ @(A): 8BIT Catering to 8 Bit Computing If you're an equal opportunity 8-bit computer collector and/or user, then you'll be interested in 8BIT, a magazine that caters to various older systems, including the Commodore 64, Sinclair, and Amstrad. Althogh not a technical journal, the publication does provide interesting features and information on the various machines still in use. If you would like information on this publication, contact: Brian Watson Harrowden 39 High Street Sutton-in-the-Isle ELY Cambridgeshire CB6 2RA 01353 777 0006 (Telephone) 01353 77 77 66 (Facsimile) 8bit@spheroid.demon.co.uk (Internet Email) Magazine Prices were as follows: Single issue: 3 British Pounds Two Years (8 issues): 16 British Pounds @(A): Finally, a PKZIP 2.04 64/128 Unarchiver! Users have requested it, and Error Smith has delivered. Errol has created a dearchiver for the industry standard PKZIP 2.04 format. After years of making do with the PKZIP 1.01 dearchive from Bill Lucier/David Schmoll, Commodore users can now unzip any PKZIPped file, no matter the version. Don't ditch your old copy of unzip64, though, as Errol's new version does not atempt to unzip 1.01 format files. In fact, this issue of Commodore Hacking will be zipped in 2.04 format, because it offers better compression. If you would like to download a copy of unzip64v2, check out Errol's WWW site which includes the file and online documentation at: http://www.ros.com.au/~errol/64.html ======================================================================== @(#)trick: Hi Tech Trickery: Double Speed Opcodes by Sean Adams (sean_adams@junkmail.net) @(A)intro: Introduction Well, if you have made a bee-line to this section, I hate to disappoint you, but: April Fools! Sean Adams, if he did exist, would have no idea how to set the 65XX into a mode that executes all 3+ cycle opcodes twice as fast. Frankly, it just cannot be done. All 3+ cycle opcodes need those cycles, and the only way to speed up the process would be to double the clock frequency. So, rest assured that the laws of 65XX operation cannot be broken, at least not in this area. However, before we finish, let me state that the clock doubling approach is precisely how the new Intel CPUs achieve their high numbers. FOr example, the 333 MHz Pentium II processor doesn't actually run that fast. First of all, it can only interact with registers at that speed. The high speed cache operates at 1/2 that frequency, or 166.5 MHz. The cache is only 256kB or 512 kB (although I hear 1MB cache processors are appearing soon), so any function or code fragment that won't fit in that space requires a read from main memory, which runs at 66 MHz at best case (and can run much slower). So, be wary of taking speeds of the newer processors at face value. If we could do to the 64 what they do to the Pentium II, we too could have a very fast "looking" processor speed. Jim Brain ========================================================================= @(#)mags: Hacking the Mags Not everything good and/or technical comes from Commodore Hacking, which is as it should be. (We still think we have the most, though...) Thus, let's spotlight some good and/or technical reading from the other Commodore publications. Given the large number of publications we're reviewing this time, we've chosen a less conversational approach to highlighting each publications contents. @(A): Commodore World (http://www.cmdweb.com/cwhome.html) In CW#16: Maurice Randall relates an obscure FD/1581 bug and how to work around it. John Walker discusses Neural Networks on the C64. Brett Tabke Introduces the opcoides, registers, and addressing modes of the 65C816S. Max Cottrell shows how you can create ANSI Screens. Gaelyne Gasson goes over file transfers on the Internet. Maurice Randall details Data File creation on GEOS. Jim Butterfield goes over the IEC routines in teh PET/CBM. In CW#17: Gaelyne Gasson overviews the SuperCPU, and discusses IRC on the Internet. Bruce Thomas details how to install a reset switch for your Mouse. Maurice Randall delves deeper into GEOS data file creation. Doug Cotton goes over programming optimizations you can use with the SuperCPU. In CW#19: Maurice Randall shows how to mix DA's and Dialogue Boxes in GEOS. Doug Cotton show how to program the GEOCable outside of GEOS. Doug Cotton goes over the memory map for the SUPERRAM Card. In CW#20: Maurice Randall works with GEOPaint Files. Mark Fellows details the new Interrupt routines in the SCPU Doug Cotton shows how to convert a NTSC 64 to PAL or vice versa. In CW#21: Doug Cotton goes under the hood on BASIC tokens and storage. Maurice Randall shows how to get into a GEOWrite document programmatically. Mark Fellows details a very impressive ML Input Routine. Mark Fellows goes over the '816 MVN and MVP move instructions. @(A): Denial In D#2: Not much technical content, but I thought the magazine was worthy of mention simply for catering to the VIC crowd. @(A): Driven (http://nlaredo.globalpc.net/~coolhnd/driven/) (note the changed WWW address) In D#17: Bo Zimmerman discusses his CBM <> Linux <> Internet Setup. In D#18: Deathlok discusses various C64 Music Editors In D#19: Review of 1996 Issue. In D#20: PAL Magazine Issue. In D#21: Sherry Freedline discusses how to surf the Commodore Web. In D#22: Announcement of the Driven 4 kB Compo II. In Driven's Waveform Tribute: A Moving Tribute to John Kaiser, aka Waveform. In D#23: Details about The 'Fridge', the code repository by Steve Judd. In D#24: This issue contains information about Daniel Dallmann's SLIP-64. In D#25: Kevin Reno details a C64 PPP Project. In D#26: Robin Harbron discusses PPP on the 64. @(A): LOADSTAR (http://www.loadstar.com) In LS#147: Adam Vardy shows how to easily put drive swapping code in a program. Andrew Martin details Hi-Res Sketch II. In LS#149: The trio of David Darus, Ken French, and Louis Wallace present Program Graphics Management (PGM), a toolbox of GFX manipulation code to help the developer get screens up and going. Jeff Jones goes over Menu Toolbox, presented in LS and in C=H 14. In LS#150: Michael Milroy introduces CAD-M, a 2-D CAD program Arnold Walters presents 1541-TidyDisk, which can clean up 1541 dirs. In LS#151: Travis Parker presents VLS HyperText System, a small hypertext reader. (this is a very impressive program.) Jeff Jones presents PackMeister, a general purpose text packer. Doreen Horne presents version 3 of WRAPTOR, the GEOS packer. @(A): LOADSTAR 128 (http://www.loadstar.com) In LS128#33 Bob Markland present a program for printing Bar Code on mail. In LS128#34 Nate Fielder brings us GEOCanvas 128. In LS128#35 Well, I have the issue, but my 1084S died, so I can't view it. :-( In LS128#36 Well, I have the issue, but my 1084S died, so I can't view it. :-( @(A): LOADSTAR LETTER (http://www.loadstar.com) In LL#37: In this first issue after the "Underground"/"LL" merge, Jeff interviews Jim Butterfield on the age-old WAIT 6502,X Easter Egg. In LL#38: Sherry Freedline goes over the terminology of the Internet. Jeff Jones goes over the advantages of hybrid BASIC/ML programs. In LL#39: Jeff Jones details a way to put more than 144 files on a 1541 disk. Sherry Freedline discusses choosing an Internet Service Provider. In LL#40: Jeff Jones shows how to get the most out of the SCPU optimization modes. Gaelyne Gasson starts a 2 part series on HTML. Scott Eggleston shows how to install an "all-reset" reset switch. In LL#41: Part 2 of Gaelyne's HTML series. Jeff goes over how to make relocatable code. In LL#42: Jeff Jones show how to make good use of the Super Snapshopt Cartridge. In LL#43: A CMD Drive Support Issue. Get all your CMD HD/FD/RL questions answered. In LL#44: A CMD SCPU Info Issue. Robin Harbron details how the 64 and SCPU interact from a timing perspective. In LL#45: Robin Harbron discusses how to use the REU fixed address feature to put GFX in the border on the screen. In LL#46: Robin Harbron details programming the Swiftlink cartridge. Jeff Jones relates how bigger code isn't always slower code. In LL#47: Robin Harbron details a way to test the size of an REU. Todd Elliott shows some unusual way to use opcodes in the 65XX. In LL#48: Robin Harbron details how many cycles you get per scanline on a VIC-II. Todd Elliott continues his piece on neat uses for 65XX opcodes. In LL#49: Robin Harbron goes over CIA IC specifics. In LL#50: Hoorah to LOADSTAR for getting 50 issues out! Robin Harbron goes over the new SUPERRAM card from CMD. LOADSTAR releases Mr. Mouse (mouse driver) as freeware and details its use. In LL#51: Mostly a reader Q&A issue. In LL#52: Robin harbron lists the various types of CBM owners. Figure out which you are! In LL#53: Of particular interest is the discussion in this issue about what exactly is a "Young Programmer". In LL#54: Robin Harbron interviews Maurice Randall on Wheel 64. In LL#55: A SCPU 128 Issue. Read all about it. @(A): 'Zine 64 (http://members.aol.com/cholgate/Zine64/homepage.htm) In Z64#7: A Games/SuperCPU issue. Other magazines not covered in this rundown include: * _64'er_ o _Commodore Gazette_ * _Commodore Network_ * _Commodore Zone_ * _Gatekeeper_ o _Vision_ Notes on Legend: * = We have never received an issue of this publication. o = We have not received a new issue of this publication to review. + = We will begin reviewing this magazine in the next issue. In addition, others exist that C=Hacking is simply not aware of. As soon as we can snag a copy of any of these, or get the foreign language ones in English :-), we will give you the scoop on them. ============================================================================ @(#)hw: The 40/80 Screen Mouse Switch copyright (c) 1994-1997 by Michael Nausch (bigchief@muc.de) Editor Note: An archive containing this article and the GEOPaint pictures described within it are available in "Hacking the Code" (Reference: code, SubRef: 4080schematic). @(A): Introduction In 1994, I wrote an article for our club newspaper "Rundschreiben", issue 28 (GEOS Interessengemeinschaft SUED e.V.) describing my "40/80 Screen-Switch" hardware extension that allows me to easily switch my monitor between 40 and 80 column modes using the keys on my mouse. After several club members and friends in the fido-areas and internet-newsgroups asked me if I would sell the 40/80 Screen-Switch, I decided to write this article and translate it to English. I'd like to thank Gaelyne Gasson, who encouraged me and added the final touches to the English translation. What this hardware extension will do, and what it won't or can't do: 1. It is not 'plug and play' hardware. You must modify your monitor. 2. It won't automatically switch the mode of your monitor. 3. Because the layout and other plans are in full size GeoPaint format, it should be relatively easy for anyone to build the 40/80 Screen-Switch. @(A): Background Information I built this switch for myself because I was too lazy to press the button on my monitor to switch it from CVBS (40 column) to RGB (80 column) mode and vice versa. I am a GEOS enthusiast and use GEOS for nearly all my C=128 activities. I use other software only for the internet and bbsing, such as Novaterm, Dialogue 128 or QWKRR128. Some of these programs uses both 40 and 80 column-modes, too. A lot of my GEOS software runs only in 40 column, so I am often switching from one mode to the other and vice versa. Most of my software gives me a hint on screen when I should switch my monitor, and I originally considered using the CS input of the video chips and/or converting the CVBS signal to RGB, but both were rejected as too complex or too expensive. Since my mouse is always at hand, it seemed more practical for the job. After looking at the circuit diagram of my monitor I thought it should be easy to do this. First I removed the original switch for changing the 40/80-mode and soldered a 5ft long cable to it for testing, if the monitor worked right, (it did) I would carry on with my experiments. Since the first step was done I needed to find a way to comfortably switch the monitor modes. I didn't want to alter the mouse, because otherwise I would have to do it every time I use another mouse. Modifying the keyboard seemed impracticable, so I decided to make a little "black box" to go between the mouse and the monitor. Whenever I pressed both mouse buttons simultaneously I wanted the monitor to change mode. I dismantled my mouse and looked at what was happening when I pressed both buttons. I found that when I press the left button, the 'BUTTON A/LP' line (pin #6) is put to signal-ground. If the right button is pressed, the line 'JOYA0' (pin #1) is put to signal-ground. I also noted pin #7 had 5V DC, and since I had many chips of the 74xx family in my electronics parts box, I decided to make the circuit with those IC's. The first IC is a NOR-gate 7402. This gate will only output a "high" if both inputs are "low". As noted above, if I press both mouse-buttons at the same time, pins #1 and #6 of joy-port #1 are both taken "low" and only then will the NOR-gate output a "high". This output is connected to the next IC, a monostable multivibrator 74121. The keys of the mouse have an unpleasant property, the bounce. Everyone has probably experienced this; one only has to copy a GEOS-file, click on the icon and suddenly the file is opened. To avoid this bounce, if the input of the 74121 IC is set to "high", the output changes level only after awhile. If the input changes during this period, nothing happens at the output. After the predefined time, the output can be changed, but it changes the input. This time is dependant on the resistor R3 and the capacitor C1. For the 40/80Screen-Switch, I use approximately 0.6 seconds. The output of the 74121 is connected with the clock input of a JK flip-flop 7473. One of the reasons the external wiring of the 7473 works is because it is a D-type flip-flop. So every change to the input will change the output of the 7473. With the help of a little NPN-transistor, we control a 5V DC relay. The switch in front of this transistor allows us to switch the monitor-mode by hand into 40 or 80 column-mode, or use the automatic-operation. Because the JOYA0 and BUTTON A/LP lines are connected directly to the keyboard, we must isolate our hardware from the keyboard. To do this, we use the pull-up resistors R1 and R2 and diodes V1 and V2. To prevent damage from induced voltage produced by the relay a diode is connected antiparallel with it's windings. @(A): Constructing the 40/80 screen-switch Enough with the theory, now for the construction. First we must etch the printed board. For printing the included GeoPaint file it's recommended that you use a laser-or a true 80x80 dpi printer. If you have not etched a printed board, ask a friend to help you. It's also possible to build the circuit using the wirewrap technique or any other preferred technique. After etching and cleaning the printed board, you must drill the holes for the electronics. After that we bend the 13 little wire-jumpers and solder them into the right places. Next we solder the diodes, (check the circuit diagram for correct polarity) then the resistors, sockets for the IC's, the capacitor and then the relay. Finally we connect the on/off-switch and the nine-pin sub-d connectors to the 40/80 Screen-Switch. If you use the special flat cable version of the connectors, you can also use the special pin-sockets that were used in the industry and in personal computers. Last but not least, you are almost ready to test your new hardware. Inspect the printed circuit board and make sure that all solder joints are O.K. and there's no solder splashes on the board. If everything is okay you can put the new hardware into a box or stand it on plastic feet. Connect the 40/80 Screen-Switch between your C=128 and mouse and then make the connection to your monitor. You can now switch on your computer and your monitor. With the double on/off switch you should now be able to switch your monitor from the CVBS (40 column) to RGB (80 column) mode and vice versa. If the switch is in "automatic" you should be able to switch the monitor-mode by pressing both mouse-buttons simultaneously. If it doesn't work, switch off your equipment and check all solder joints, the electronic parts for the right placement and the etched printed board for any hairline cracks. Correct any errors and test it again. @(A): Note: Do not change the format of this text file and/or the geopaint schematics. Use of this document or 40/80 Screen-Switch schematics for any purpose other than for personal use requires the consent of the author (Michael Nausch). Michael Nausch and Gaelyne Gasson have taken care to ensure the information presented is correct, and accept no responsibility for any damage caused to you or your equipment by use of the circuit diagram and information presented in this article. @(A): Equipment and parts list B1 - B13 wire-jumpers C1 capacitor 100 uF 16v C2 - C4 capacitor 100 nF 16v IC1 NOR-gate 7402 IC2 monostable multivibrator 74121 IC3 JK-flip-flop 7473 k15V relay with 2 switches (type SDS JW 2 SN 5.0V) R1 - R2 resistor 1.8 k 0.25w R3 resistor 8.2 k 0.25w R4 resistor 330 ohm V1 - V3 Diode 1N4148 V4 NPN-transistor BC107 various small parts, like: three ic-sockets casing nine-pin sub d connectors flatwire-cable copper plated epoxy resin board 3 inch x 5 inch ========================================================================= @(#)fido: FIDO's Nuggets by Geoff Sullivan (sunfish@gis.net) In mid October Gaelyne Gasson reported in the CBM Geos Echo on a meeting of the Lansing Area Commodore Club she attended. There Maurice Randall (geoFax, geoShell, etc.) demonstrated new Geos device drivers that work with all types of drives and desktops. He showed drivers that will read an MS-DOS formatted disk directly into Geos, and how a stock 1581 can read a CMD FD disk. This is all part of his goal to revamp the Geos OS, ridding it of bugs, and adding features that would make it more compatable with toady's hardware and future software. Since this prewiew the Echo's been buzzing with suggestions and speculations about this development. In the more general topic Commodore Echo there have been a number of discussions that have been ongoing. There has been a thread about 1541 disk drive alignment for some time. There is always one new person that decides his drive has alignment problems and needs advice. I know, this has happened to me too. There are several ways to go about this process and one or another always comes up. Recently there was a very good and complete description of the process. Another thread is covering the baud vs. bps argument, and the limits of data compression with v.42bis protocol. There is a lot of interest in the performance of various modems with Swiftlink on a C64 or 128. Street prices of 14.4 and even 28.8 modems have been dropping to such a degree that performance is more significant than cost since we are no longer resrticted to Commodore compatables. Ismael Cordeiro posted an exhaustive history/tutorial of modem data transfer schemes. What really seems to determine transfer rates are the types of data used. Plain text, which is easily compressed appears to move faster than compressed data, such as binary files and .GIFs, etc. Software topics have decreased, but FTP by email and other Internet discussions have grown. Many people are now using email to get files from Commodore Web sites all over the world. In fact it is even possible now to receive FIDO Echo packets via FTP if you can't get them any other way! The C128 Echo is a little more into hardware that the other two Echos. In the last few months someone wanted to know how to upgrade his VDC ram to 64K. There were many answers, all correct. The most important being, "If you don't know what you're doing, get someone who does." Someone else wants to build a portable power supply for his C128 so he can take it on "remotes". The easy soluton would be to use an inverter, but it was suggested that this might be considered cheating. We are a tough lot!! More new folks are showing up on the Commodore FIDO echoes. Some lost souls are returning too. We keep seeing messages about someone having found a C64 in a closet and wanting to get software or Internet access for it. In fact there is a lot of Internet related traffic here. Many folks new to Lynx and Unix servers in general are asking questions and getting help. Those of us that have Commodore related Web sites are able to direct people there for software too. QWKRR is evolving into an Internet friendly off-line reader and reply application. Discussion continues about it. Presently it centers around REU access and character sets. Rod Gasson, the author, has been asked to impliment REU support. The problem seems to be that in it's current version QWKRR has no room for it without module swapping. With more of us on the Internet there is some discussion about an application to unzip files zipped with 2.04g and better ways of dealing with .GIF and .JPG files. To date there is nothing that can deal with 2.04g zips directly and viewing .GIF or .JPG graphics could be better. One bright note is that there has been developed an HTML off-line viewer for the C64. The demo version is on the FairLight Web page at http://hem.passagen.se/harlekin/ There is always someone looking for Commodore hardware/software as well as folks selling it here. About 1/3 of the traffic on the echoes is devoted to this. Some discussion in the C128 echo has been around character sets and terminal emulation. What are ANSI control characters, how can they be displayed or stripped, and what are the differences between Unix, MS-Dos, Commodore "screen code", and Petscii text? Several short programs in Basic have appeared to translate text formats. In the Geos echo there has been a thread about the most efficient ways of formatting text in geoWrite. Whether to add tabs and margins before or after composing text seems to be the question. There are some tools for global formatting and font changing, but few use them. Printers are always an interesting challenge in Geos. With all the used equipment floating around there is always someone here that is having trouble finding the right driver for a newly aquired device. (Note: I think it would be worth it to have an ftp site loaded with all the various non-commercial printer drivers.) With the release of Maurice Randall's geoFAX 2.0, at least one user has figured out a way to print geoFAX pages in a pre-determined order by changing the order of the pointers in the Geos VLIR index sector. Each pair of bytes on this page points to the corresponding page of the geoFAX document. By rearranging the order, pages can be printed or displayed any way the user wishes. This may be tedious, but with a little more work an application could be worked up to make this process easier. The same could be done with geoWrite. So, that's a glimpse into the world of FIDO, the wonder dog of networks, for this time. Here, boy.... ========================================================================= @(#)list: The Canonical List of Commodore Products by Jim Brain (brain@mail.jbrain @(A): Introduction It's been so long, I almost forget what actually started this list, but I believe I decided one day while at work that I wanted to create a full listing of everything that had made it past the dream phase at Commodore. I wanted to catalog the various models of C64, the constantly evolving C2N datasette, the specifications on the complete PET/CBM business line, etc. So, I posted what I did know to the USENET comp.sys.cbm newsgroup, and the responses came pouring in. For a while, the list sported no version number, but I finally started creating versions in 1995. It's been almost a year since 1.1 came out, and I have made numerous changes to the list since then. However, the number of computer additions has slowed to a trickle, so I suspect that I've catalogued most of the models out there. Now, people are sending more calculator and specialty Amiga board additions. However, this list has outgrown its current format, and will be converted into a database that I can more easily update and manage. As well, I would like to create an online hyperlinked version that sports pictures and more space for comments on each model. No one realizes that I have to greatly condense the information folks send me on some of these models to fit the space I have here. The new format will allow more room for neat comments and anecdotes. I will, though, create a script that parses the database to generate this file from the information. So, delete your old copy of the list, and save this one for future reference. If I have erred in some information, please take the opportunity to send me corrections, and note the locations of the file below. I continually update the file, and you can check in VICUG at http://www.jbrain.com/vicug/ for information on where the online HTML version will be kept. Without further ado, its the: @(A): CBM List of Products Archive-name: cbm-model-list.2.0.txt Version: 2.0 Last-modified: 1998-04-11 Here is the newest edition of the Canonical List of Commodore Products. It contains informations on every piece of Commodore equipment I have heard of to date. Please help me weed out all the inconsistencies and nail down all the information. ==========================Notes for this Release============================== PET models were also named with CBM prefixes. i.e PET 4016 = CBM 4016. Difference in naming early PETs exist. A PET 2001-8N could also be referred to as a PET 2001N-8K or PET 2001N-8. All are the same machine. Since the decision to boot in lowercase or uppercase mode was based on type of ROM, any machine can boot in either. If you know of a model that is listed above that had differing properties, please tell me. Examples are a bigger monitor than what I have listed, Different closing mechanism on Drive, etc. This list comprises all machines that have been put out in some market. For this reason, the 364, C65, and others are include in the second list at the end of this document. The stars indicate that someone has seen this machine in production. Their friends own one, etc. The two letters at far right indicate that someone owns this machine. The names are in Mnemonic, and the expansions are directly above these notes. Before emailing me with updates to an item, please make sure the item number is not alrady in the list. Sometimes I have people tell me that X is a disk drive, when X is in the list already as something else. I can't tell which one is right, so if you find contradictory info, please acknowledge that your info does not match mine and what your opinion is regarding which info is correct. Any item that has letters after it in the far right column not only exists, but is owned by someone. Now, a typo is always possible, but please keep that in mind when telling me an item was never made, since Commodore sometimes never marketed an item in some countries. I put in any item that I think _might_ have made it to market, so everyone needs to continually check up on me. There list is in two parts: Marketed and Not-Marketed, since some models were produced but never sold at the time of production (C65 is one of them), and some models never got past the "pipe-dream" stage. The newest version of this file can be retrieved from: http://ftp.jbrain.com/pub/cbm/ref/cbm-model-list.txt ftp://ftp.jbrain.com/pub/cbm/ref/cbm-model-list.txt mailto:ftpmail@mail.jbrain.com Body: open ascii get /pub/cbm/ref/cbm-model-list.txt quit Interested persons can now subscribe to the CBMMODEL Mailing List at: mailto:listserv@mail.jbrain.com Body: subscribe model-dist Firstname Lastname msglen review model-dist help quit Note: msglen is maximum number of text lines you can receive in an email messsage. a value of 0 means maxlines. All parameters to the subscribe command are necessary. The newest version of the list will be mailed to you when posted to the newsgroup. I hope you enjoy the list. It is the result of over 4 years of continual updating. Jim Brain brain@mail.jbrain.com ======================Questions Still Left to Answer========================== The PET 2001NT: Which PET 2001 was it, 08,16,32? Some needs to explain to me why the 700 model is an LP machine when the rest of the 700 line are HP machines.... ony Scatt sent me some discussion about the CBM 3000 model, mentioning an 11 key keyboard variant and a 20 key kaeyboard variant. I have noted below that some 3000 machines were simply rebaded 2001 machines. Does that explain the 11/20 discrepency? I need to go through Andre Fachat's PET Index and synchronize information, but I need time to do so. You can peruse it at http://www.tu-chemnitz.de/~fachat/8bit/petindex/petindex.html ===========Canonical List of Commodore Computer Equipment ==================== ---------------------Products Produced In Some Quantity:---------------------- Office Equipment: * 264CD Office Desk RS Calculator Series: * 202 electric, 1 digit display with slider indiciator, black case, white keypad, black,white,red keys SN B-63768 WW * 208 mechanical tape calc with red/black ribbon. MI * Blue LEDs, basic math, cream color, blue/red butons. TA * Scientific calc, made in England, 44 extra keys BD * 401 paper readout, darkgreen/bluegreen DV 770D * 774D Red LED, 9 digit, white keys. Red clear and blue op keys. BA 776M * 796M red LED, 8 digit, black plastic, 19 keys JR * 797D Red LED, basic math+memory and percentage, cream/blk keys BD * 797M red LED, 8 digit, cream plastic, 23 keys. JB * 886D 8 dig red LED, white case, keys white, blue and 1 red GY * 886D lt brown w/dark brown base, keys white, blue and red GY * 887D 8 dig Red LED, white, black trim, white, red, blue keys. RI * 897D 10 digit Red LED, basic math, percent, one memory. GK * AL-1000 14 nixie tube readout * C108 green LED, basic math, black, colored buttons DV * CIL 40 LCD, 8 digit, "electronic switching", cream / brown metal JR case, CMOS slimline, 23 keys, 198? * CQ-SWAT yellow LCD dual display, 8 digit, world time, silver metal JR case, CMOS slimline, 30 keys. * GL-976M green LED, 7 digit, white / black plastic case, 19 lrg keys.JR GL-976MR GL-979R blk-cream case,Colored buttons,green LED,basic calc+mem+x^2 * GL-987R 8 dig grn LED, blk w/silver trim, wht,red,blu keys basic BZ * GL-996R rechargeable, green LED, 8 digit, b&w plastic case, 23 key JR similar to GL models, early LCD. * GL-997R blk-cream case,colored buttons,green LED,basic calcs+memory TE * LC5K1 yellow LCD, 8 digit, gold/brown metal case, 24 keys, CMOS JR slimline. * LC925 yellow LCD, 8 digit, brown/cream plastic case, 25 keys, JR * LC5K2 JC * MM3M Cream, Colored buttons, Red LED readout, basic math, 1 mem. JB * MM3M (Conv) MM3M with Volume, Area, Metric Conversions JP * MM3R MM3M without memory. SN#066387 PE * MM6 blk-silver case,basic calcs,red LED,switchable dec point, 9V battery TE * MM6X MM6 with enter key LA * N60 14 dig grn LED, silver nums, blue func, lt-blu mem, navigat WZ * N80 10 dig LED, white nums, blue func, lt-blu mem, navigational FR * P50 Program. red LED, 13 digit, brown/gold plastic, 49 keys JR * S61 Statist. green LED, 14 digit, black plastic case, 60 keys. JR * SR-1400 "Electronic Slide Rule Calculator" may 5, 1975 JS * SR-1800 Black, Colored buttons, Green LED readout, Trig. FB * SR-36 Scient. red LED, 13 digit, black plastic, 37 keys JR * SR4912 Scient.red LED, 13 digit, black plastic, 49 keys JR * SR-9190R Black, 10 Red LED, 49 keys, white num keys, SN#26612. RI * SR-4120R SR-4148R TE * SR-4148R blk case,colored buttons(48),10 red LED, basic calc+memory+trig+x^y+statistics TE * SR-100NC black case,49 colored buttons (most of them twice used), scientific calcs (was originally sold as QUELLE Privileg but is from Commodore) TE * US*3 8 dig + sign, larger light brown case, blk num keys, basic BZ * US*8 Desk model, 8 amber LED & overflow,black,keys wht,blu,red GY Video Game Series: * CBM 2000K Commodore TV Game 2000K, JR Basically same as CBM 3000H, but with 4 'bats', two internal and 2 mini-jacks in back. PAL output. Black plastic case. * CBM 3000H Commodore TV Game 3000H, LJ Pong-type game. Labels in English and German, Games include "target", "tennis", "football", "squash". Amateur or Pro settings, 1-4 player. Basic pot bats, bat #1 is built into unit. Runs on 9VDC or batteries. Outputs to UHF36. 2 ports at rear. One 5 pin DIN for light rifle (lightpen), other for two more bats. PAL output. Trainer Series: * KIM-1 Computer Trainer: Has hex keypad and LED readout CK PET 2000 Series:Renamed to CBM 20XX, XX = RAM, when Philips forbid PET use. Most CBM renamed units powered up in lowercase and had a different keyboard config, while the PET machines booted in uppercase. B and N notation alternately put after RAM amount in name (PET 2001B-32 = PET 2001-32B) Black (B) or Blue (N) Trim, 9" (9) or 12" (2) screen, Built-In Cassette with Chiclet Keys (C), Business Style Keyboard with No Graphics on Keys (K), or Home Computer with Number Keys and Graphics on Keys (H), Green/White screen (G) or Black/White screen (W) * PET 2001-4K 4kB, CB GP * PET 2001-8K 8kB, CN9 GP * PET 2001-8C 8kB, CN9W, SN#0620733, No "WAIT 6502,X" GL * PET 2001-8C 8kB, CB9G, SN#0629836, No "WAIT 6502,X" GL PET 2001-16K 16kB, CN9 PET 2001-32K 32kB, CN9 PET 2001B-8 8kB, K2 PET 2001B-16 16kB, K2 PET 2001B-32 32kB, BK9W, boots in lowercase RB PET 2001B-32 32kB, K2 PET 2001N-8 8kB, H2 * PET 2001N-16 16kB, H9 CH PET 2001N-16 16kB, H2 * PET 2001N-32 32kB, H, BASIC 4.0, CS * PET 2001NT Teacher's PET. Same as 2001N, just rebadged * MDS 6500 Modified 2001N-32 with matching 2040 drive. 500 made. GP CBM 3000 Series: 40 Col. Screen, BASIC 2.0-2.3, Same Board as Thin 4000 3001 series in Germany were just 2001's with big Keyboard. * CBM 3008 8kB, 9" Screen. EG * CBM 3016 16kB * CBM 3032 32kB. SL CBM 4000 Thin Series: 9" Screen, 40 Column Only, Basic 4.0. CBM 4000 Fat Series: 12" Screen, Upgradeable to 80 Column, When upgraded to 80 Columns, the systems were 8000's. CBM 4004 4kB, One Piece. * CBM 4008 8kB, One Piece. SF * CBM 4016 16kB, One Piece. KK * CBM 4032 32kB, One Piece JB * CBM 4064 Educator 64 in 40XX case. green screen (no Fat option) GP CBM 8000 Series:12" Screen, 80 Column, BASIC 4.0 SK means "SoftKey", or "Separated Keyboard" All -SK and d units were enclosed in CBM 700/B series HP cases. CBM 8008 8kB, One Piece CBM 8016 16kB, One Piece * CBM 8032 32kB, One Piece GP * CBM 8032-32 B 8032 in Higher Profile case (HP). Could install LP drives. GP * CBM 8032 SK 32kB, Detached Keyboard, SK = SoftKey or Separated Keyboard.EG CBM 8096 96kB, 8032 with 64kB ram card * CBM 8096 SK 96kB, Detached Keyboard. * CBM 8096d 8096 + 8250LP SL * CBM 8296 128kB, Detached Keyboard, Brown like 64, LOS-96 OS TL * CBM 8296d 8296 + 8250LP SL * "CASSIE" Synergistics Inc. rebadged 8032 AH SuperPet Series:Sold in Germany as MMF (MicroMainFrame) 9000 Machines sold in Italy had 134kB of RAM. * CBM SP9000 Dual uP 6502/6809, 96kB RAM, business keyboard. GP CBM B Series: 6509 @ 2MHz, 6545/6845 Video, 6526 CIA, 6581 SID, BASIC 4.0+ (Sometimes called BASIC 4.5) Commodore differentiated between the HP (High Profile) and LP (Low Profile) series by naming all HP machine CBM. (B128-80HP was CBM128-80). Also, any machine with optional 8088 CPU card had 'X' after B or CBM (BX128-80). * CBM B128-80HP 128kB, Detached Keyboard, Cream. GP * CBM B128-80LP 128kB, One-Piece, Cream, New Keyboard. GP * CBM B256-80HP 256kB, Detached Keyboard, Cream. * CBM B256-80LP 256kB, One-Piece, Cream. GP * CBM B128-40 6567, 6581, 6509, 6551, 128kB. In B128-80LP case. CBM B256-40 6567, 6581, 6509, 6551, 256kB. In B128-80LP case. * CBM B500 128kB. KO * CBM B500 256kB. board same as B128-80. GP CBM 200 Series * CBM 200 CBM 8032 SK VM CBM 210 ??? * CBM 220 CBM 8096 SK CBM 500 Series: 6509, 6567, 6581, 6551. B series LP case, BASIC 4.0+ Sometimes called PET II series. * CBM 500 256kB. (is this the 500, or should it 515?) EC * CBM 505 64kB. * CBM 510 128kB. CBM 600 Series: Same as B series LP * CBM 610 B128-80 LP CS * CBM 620 B256-80 LP CS CBM 700 Series: Same as B series HP. Also named PET 700 Series * CBM 700 B128-80 LP (Note this unit is out of place here) * CBM 710 B128-80 HP SL * CBM 720 B256-80 HP GP * CBM 730 720 with 8088 coprocessor card CBM 740 ???? CBM 750 ???? CBM 760 ???? 3 processors and 1 MB RAM. VIC-20 Series: 22*23 screen, 5kB RAM, Basic 2.0, one piece. Could be hooked to TV with RF modulator. Cream (C), or Off-White (O) case. Flat top keys with Square type font on keycaps (S), Indent top keys with somewhat square font and thin letters for RESTORE/CLR/HOME/INST... (I), or Indent top keys with rounded type font (R). 2 Prong PS adaptor (2) or DIN PS adaptor (D). Black/Silver Decals (B), or Brown/Color Decals (H). 5 pin video connector (5), or 8 pin video connector (8) "2" implies VIC-20 motherboard. "D" implies VIC-20CR motherboard. * VIC-20 1 SOB2 GP * VIC-20 2 ICHD GP * VIC-20 3 ROB2 GP * VIC-20 4 RCHD8 JB * VIC-20 5 SCHD JB * VIC-20 6 VIC with 2001K Keyboard. MS * VIC-20 7 RCBD5 SD * VIC-20 8 CS2B5 RN * VIC-20 9 CI2B5 RN * VIC-20 10 CIH25 BZ * VIC-20 11 ROBD5 BZ * VIC-10 Japanese VIC with 2001K keyboard. * VIC-1001 VIC-10? Japanese VIC with both chars printed on keys. TG * VC-20 1 SCHD5 (German) (source says has beige instead of grey? case) * VC-20 2 RCHD5 (German) MH * VC-20 3 R5OB2 (German) Color VIC logo... CE * VC-20 4 HD (cheap label) (German) RC * VC-20 5 HD (better aluminum label) (German) RC * VC-20 6 2 (UK) RC CBM-64 Series: 40*25 screen, 64kB RAM, BASIC 2.0, one piece, TV ouput. Called VIC-64 in Sweden. Off-white VIC case (O), Brown Breadbox case (B), Cream Breadbox case (C) Flat top keys with Square type font on keycaps (S), Indent top keys with somewhat square font and thin letters for RESTORE/CLR/HOME/INST... (I), or Indent top keys with rounded type font (R). Black/Silver Decals (L), or Brown/Color Decals (H). 5 pin video connector (5), or 8 pin video connector (8) * CBM 64 1 SO * CBM 64 2 SBH8 JB * CBM 64 3 RBH8 JB * CBM 64 4 RCH8 (Referred to as a C64G) ME * CBM 64 5 RB5L JB * CBM 64 (JP) Chiclet Keyboard sold in Japan. (Might be MAX Machine) * Jubilee 64 64 in Golden case, announcing 1,000,000 units (160 units) * SX-64 Portable 64 With 5" Color Screen, One 1541 Built-in. GP * CBM-64C Cream Sloping Case, Cream Keys, GFX on front of keys JB * CBM-64C Cream Sloping Case, Cream Keys, GFX on top of keys. JB CBM-64II C64C * Educator 64-1 64 Rev1 Kernal without monitor in 64 case. RS * Educator 64-2 64 Rev1 Kernal, green monitor, PET case. GP * PET64 CBM 4064 (Educator 64-2) GP * (Color) MAX 64 with 16kB, no Keyboard, just Exp. Port and Video Out. EC Unimax MAX Machine. * Ultimax MAX Machine. FH CBM VC-10 C-64 with stripped down Basic 2.0, 2.5kB RAM, Ultimax * CBM C64G RCH8 AA * CBM C64GS Game Console, GS = Game System. 64 with no keyboard. MM C-128 Series: 128kB, Cream Case, 40*25 and 80*25 screen, 64 and CP/M em. * C-128 One-Piece Unit, 16kB VDC. GP * C-128 One-Piece Unit, 64kB VDC. * C-128D Two-Piece,16K VDC, Used C128 board, internal 1571. Fan * C-128DCR C128D with 64K VDC, Metal Case, Cost Reduced, No Fan. DL CBM 264 Series: Charcoal Grey Case, 40*25 screen * Plus/4 New Keyboard and Case design, 64kB RAM, 6551 UART GP * C-16 64 Case and Keyboard Style, 16kB RAM JB * C-116 C-16 with Chiclet keys and smaller case SL Amiga Series: 680X0 processor, Off White Case * A500 One piece, 68000, Off-White, 880K 3.5" Floppy FF * A500+ A500 + 2MB Agnus, 1MB Chip Ram Expandable to 2 MB * A600 One piece, 68000, White,ECS Chips,PCMCIA Slot,880K Floppy. * A600HD A600 with 40 MB HD. * A1000 Detached Keyboard, 68000, Cream, 256kB, 880K Floppy. * A1000-1 Detached older style keyboard, 68000, no daughterboard CS * A1000-2 Has both daughter and motherboards YC * A1200 White, 68EC020, PCMCIA slot,AGA graphics, one piece. AC A1200HD/40 A1200 with 40 MB HD. * A1500 UK released A2000 with two drives * A2000A detached keyboard, slots, 68000, .5 MB on board, .5 MB on card in processor slot, German design * A2000B US design, 1 MB on motherboard, CPU slot free MN * A2000HD A2000 with installed 50 MB SCSI hard disk. GR * A2500/20 A2000 with A2620(68020,68881,68851 @14.3MHz) processor card.CS * A2500/30 A2000 with A2630(68030,68882 @25 MHz) processor card. CS * A2500UX A2500 with UNIX and TapeDrive * A3000/16 ECS graphics, 68030 and 68881 @ 16 MHz, SCSI hard drive * A3000/25 ECS graphics, 68030 and 68882 @ 25 MHz, SCSI hard drive BZ * A3000T Tower Case with more slots. * A3000T/40 Tower Case with more slots and 68040 * A3000UXA A3000 with ATT Unix V.4, 5MB RAM, 100MB HD. * A3000UXB A3000 with ATT Unix V.4, 10MB RAM, 200MB HD. * A4000/030 AGA graphics, 68EC030, IDE HD, 1.76 MB Floppy, no MMU. * A4000/040 White, AGA graphics, 68040, IDE HD, 1.76 MB Floppy. FF * A4000T Tower Case with More Slots. * Amiga CD32 Based on A1200, double speed CD-ROM, no keyboard. * CDTV Black case, based on A500+ with CD-ROM, no keyboard, Remote.FF PC Series: * A1060 DOS/PC SideCar that connects to an A1000. * A2088 8088 BridgeBoard for A2000 and higher (4.77 MHz). * A2088D A2088 @ 9.54 MHz. * A2286/8 80286 @ 8MHz BridgeCard. * A2386/16 80386 @ 16MHz BridgeCard. * A2386/20 80386 @ 20MHz BridgeCard. * A2386/25 80386 @ 25MHz BridgeCard. Hyperion PC Clone. Looked like Dynalogic Hyperion * PC-1 8088 @ 4.77 MHz, Non-expandable. PC-IV ??? * PC-5 8088 @ 4.77 MHz, 256kB RAM, 360kB 5.25" FD, monochrome. SL * PC-10 8088 @ 4.77 MHz, 256kB RAM, 2 Floppies, Large Case, German. * PC-10 HD PC-10 with 640kB RAM, 360kB 5.25" FD, 30 MB HD. * PC-20 PC-10 with 1 Floppy/1 10MB HD. RS * PC-30 80186 (US only) RS * PC-40 80286 @ 10 MHz, Large Case RS * PC-50 80386SX @ 25MHz. RS * PC-60 80386DX @ 16 MHz German. * PC-70 Pentium, US only model. * PC-10 II PC-10 with "Combined Board", 640 KB RAM. BZ * PC 20-II PC-10 II with 1 floppy, 10 MB HD, later 20 MB. * PC 10-III-1 PC-10, large case, CGA + Hercules. * PC 10-III-2 PC-10, small case, turbo mode 9.54 MHz, CGA + Hercules. * PC 20-III PC-10 III with 1 floppy, 20 MB HD. * PC 30-III cheaper variant of PC 40-III (EGA, smaller HD, etc.). * PC 35-III PC-30 III with VGA * PC 40-III-1 AT with 80286, 12 MHz, HD floppy, 20 MB HD, VGA&iO on cards * PC 40-III-2 PC 40-III, Colt style "all-in-one" brd, called Sel. Ed. 286 RM * PC 40-III-3 PC 40-III in tower case. * PC 45-III a bit bigger HD * PC 60-III AT 80386 @ 25 MHz, 0-200 MB HD, 5.25" and 3.5" FD, Tower. * PC Colt Denoted a line of rebadged CBM PC units. BZ SL 286 AT 80286 @ 16 MHz, VGA, 2MB RAM, 40 MB HD, 3.5" FD, Slimline. SL 286 AT as above but with extra 5.25" FD, Slimline. SL 386 SX 80386SX @ 16 MHz, VGA, 2MB RAM, 40 MB HD, 3.5" FD. SL 386-SX25 80386SX @ 25 MHz, SVGA 2MB RAM, 80 MB HD. DT 386-25 80386DX @ 25 MHz, VGA, 1MB RAM, 40 MB HD, Desktop. DT 386-33 C 80386DX @ 33 MHz, SVGA, 4MB RAM, 80/100 MB HD. DT 486-33 C 80486DX @ 33 MHz, SVGA, 4MB RAM, 80-120 MB HD. DT 486SX-25 80486SX @ 25 MHz, SVGA, 4MB RAM, 80 MB HD. * DT 486SX-25 80486SX @ 25 MHz, SVGA, 4MB RAM, 120 MB HD. DA DT 486-25 C 80486DX @ 25 MHz, SVGA?, 4MB RAM, 100 MB HD. T 486-25 C DT 486-25 C in Tower Case. T 486-50 C 80486DX @ 50 MHz, SVGA, 4MB RAM, 120 MB HD. * C 286 LT 12 80286 @ 12.5 MHz, 1MB RAM, 20 MB HD, 3.5" FD Notebook. * C 386SX-LT 80386SX @ 16 MHz, VGA (8 gray scale), 1 MB RAM, 20MB HD SA * C 386SX-LT 20 80386SX @ 20 MHz, VGA, 2MB RAM, 40 MB HD Notebook. * C 386SX-LT 20 80386SX @ 20 MHz, VGA, 2MB RAM, 60 MB HD Notebook. * C 486SX-CLT 80486SX color notebook. * CL450e 80486DX @ 50 MHz, 32 bit EISA bus, SN# E4500007 JO * 4S3MPC 80486SX @ 33 MHz, VESA SVGA, 4MB RAM, 170 MB HD, *2 CD/Snd Cassette Series:Took regular cassettes, non standard format data. Note: 1530 is same as C2N. Therefore, variations were not expanded. * CBM C2N-1 Black, 8.00"Lx5.25"Wx2.50"H, 5 button, No Tape Ctr. GP * CBM C2N-2 Cream C2N-1, Tinted Window, Tape Counter. JB * CBM C2N-3 C2N-2 with bolder logo. GP * CBM C2N-4 Cream, 6.00"Lx7.75"Wx2.00"H, 6 button,Clear Win., Tape Ctr. GP * CBM C2N-5 C2N-4 with no counter label, orange under cassette. GP * CBM C2N-6 C2N-4 with no save label, bolder logo. GP * CBM C2N-7 C2N-4 with tinted win., bolder logo. BG * CBM 1531 Charcoal Grey C2N-6, Commodore 16/+4 Cassette Drive TH * CBM Load-It LED Readout, Adjustment Screw Disk Drive Series: * Amiga 1010 Single 3.5" 880K, offered for Amiga 1000, AmigaSerial. MJ * Amiga 1011 Single 3.5" 880K, offered for Amiga 500 & 2000, AmigaSerial.JM * Amiga 1020 Single 5.25", 440K Amiga, 360K MS-DOS, In 1571 Case. CS * Amiga 2010 Single 3.5", 880K Internal for A2000/2500. * Amiga 2020 Single 5.25", 440K Internal for A2000. * Amiga 3010 Single 3.5", 1.76M Dual Speed, internal. * CBM 1541 *All types, see VIC 1541* * CBM 1541C Single 5.25" 170K, updated 1541, Brown, Turn-Down,Serial. * CBM 1541C Single 5.25" 170K, updated 1541, Cream, Turn-Down,Serial. GP * CBM 1541C Single 5.25" 170K, updated 1541, Cream, Push-Down,Serial. GP * CBM 1541 II Single 5.25" 170K, Cream, Sep. PS, Direct Drive, Serial. GP * CBM 1541 II Single 5.25" 170K, Cream, Sep. PS, Belt Drive, Serial. JB * CBM 1542 Single 5.25" 170K, Charcoal Grey, Serial. * CBM 1551 1541, Push-Down Closure, Chacoal Grey, TED Parellel. RJ * CBM 1551 1541, Turn-Down Closure, Chacoal Grey, TED Parellel. PB * CBM 1570 Single 5.25" SS Version of 1571, Cream in 1541 case. GP * CBM 1571 Single 5.25" 340K(128),170K(64),CPM,Cream,Alps Mech,Serial. GP * CBM 1571 Single 5.25" 340K(128),170K(64),CPM,Cream,NewT Mech,Serial. GP * CBM 1571CR Internal 1571 used in C128D * CBM 1572 Dual 1571, Cream color, 5000 made, side-by-side device 0&1 * CBM 1581 Single 3.5" 800K, Cream, Serial. JB * CBM 2020 dual ???" external floppy drives LI * CBM 2031 Single 5.25" 170K, Off-White, IEEE-488. GP * CBM 2031-SL Single 5.25" 170K, Off-White, IEEE-488. (SL = Slim Line) * CBM 2031 LP Single 5.25" 170K, DOS2.6, Off-White, 1541 Case,IEEE-488. GP * CBM 2031 LP Single 5.25" 170K, DOS2.6, Tan, 1541 Case,IEEE-488. GP * CBM 2040 Dual 5.25" 170K, DOS1.0, Off-White, No Rel Files, IEEE-488. GP * CBM 2040 Dual 5.25" 170K, DOS1.2, Off-White, No Rel Files, IEEE-488. GP * CBM 2081 Single 5.25" ????? * CBM 3040 2040. GP * CBM 4031 HP 2031 HP. (Has 4040 Mechanism) SL * CBM 4031 LP 2031 LP. * CBM 4040 Dual 5.25" 170K, DOS2.0, Off-White, IEEE-488. * CBM 4040 Dual 5.25" 170K, DOS2.1, Off-White, IEEE-488. GP * CBM 8050 Dual 5.25" 512K, DOS2.1, Off-White, IEEE-488. * CBM 8050 Dual 5.25" 512K, DOS2.5, Off-White, IEEE-488. GP * CBM 8050 Dual 5.25" 512K, DOS2.7, Off-White, IEEE-488. JB CBM 8060 Single 8", 750K, Off-White, IEEE-488. * CBM 8061 Dual 8", 1.6M, Off-White, IEEE-488.(IBM 3740 and CBM format)GP * CBM 8062 Dual 8", 3.2M, Off-White, IEEE-488.(IBM 3740 and CBM format) * CBM 8250 Dual 5.25" 1MB, DOS2.7, Off-White, IEEE-488. GP * CBM 8250 LP Dual 5.25" 1MB, DOS2.7, Off-White, Half Height, IEEE-488. GP * CBM 8280 Dual 8" 1MB, DOS3.0, Off-White, Read IBM disks, Slimline. WA * CBM D9060 5 MB Hard Drive, DOS3.0, Off-White, IEEE-488. GP * CBM D9090 7.5 MB Hard Drive, DOS3.0, Off-White, IEEE-488. GP * CD 1411 Black version of Amiga 1011. CDTV dedicated. * PC 910 Single 3.5" 360K/720K, Internal for PC10/20-I-II-III. * PC 915 Newer 910. * PC 920 Single 5.25" 360K/1.2M, Internal for PC10/20-I-II-III. * SFD 1001 Single 5.25" 1MB, In 1541 Case, DOS2.7, Brown, IEEE-488. JB * SFS 481 CBM 1551. (This was its first number, then they renamed it) * VIC 1540 Single 5.25" 170K, Off-White, Xfer spd > 1541, Serial. * VIC 1541 Single 5.25" 170K, Push-Down Closure, Off-White, Serial JB * VIC 1541 Single 5.25" 170K, Push-Down Closure, Brown, Serial. JB * VIC 1541 Single 5.25" 170K, Turn-Down Closure, Brown, Serial. JB Printer Series: * CBM 530 Small Receipt Printer, 70mm paper roll, black/red ribbon BC * CBM 1526 80 Col. 8.5" Wide 8*8 Matrix No GFX, Brown, Serial 60cps. JB CBM 2021 80 Col. Matrix Electrosatic (Thermal) Printer, GFX. * CBM 2022 80 Col. 8.5" Wide 7*6 Matrix No GFX, Off-White, IEEE-488. GP * CBM 2023 Friction-Only 2022. * CBM 3022 2022 for PET 3000, IEEE-488. SL * CBM 3023 2023 for PET 3000, IEEE-488. TL * CBM 4022 80 Col, 10" Wide 8*6 Matrix No GFX, Epson MX-80, IEEE-488. SL * CBM 4022p Bidirectional 4022, Epson MX-70?, IEEE-488. * CBM 4023 80 Col. 10" Wide 8*8 Matrix No GFX, NLQ, Brown, IEEE-488. GP * CBM 6400 C.Itoh Starwriter F10-40, Centronics or IEEE-488 SL CBM 8022 ? * CBM 8023 80 Col. 14" Wide 8*8 Matrix No GFX, Off White, IEEE-488 JB CBM 8023P 136 Col. 15" Wide 8*6 Matrix, GFX, IEEE-488. * CBM 8024 132 Col. Mannesman Tally, 7*7, Upgrade to 7*9, Cream, IEEE. GV * CBM 8024/A 132 Col. Mannesman Tally, 9*7, 160 cps bidirectional. SL * CBM 8024L 8024 Multi-Pass NLQ Printer, IEEE-488. * CBM 8026 OLYMPIA ESW-103, TypeWriter Printer, IEEE-488. * CBM 8026b 8026 Extended.? * CBM 8027 8026 without Keys, IEEE-488. * CBM 8028 132 Col. 15" Daisy-Wheel, (Robotron), Cent./IEEE-488 SL * CBM 8075 Plotter, available in 1 and 8 pen variety, IEEE-488 * CBM 8229 8028 with 16kB print buffer. * CBM 8300P Diablo 630, Daisy Wheel, Cream, IEEE-488. CBM-P1 Daisy Wheel Printer. * DPS 1101 132 Col. 13", Daisy-Wheel, Friction Feed, Juki 6100, Serial. * DPS 1120 116-175 Col. 14.5" wide Daisy, Black, Serial. (Olympia) RH * IP3300 Ink Jet Printer IM * LPS 2000 Laser Printer, Centronics (Possibly German Only). * MCS 801 80 Col. 8.5" Wide 8*8 Matrix GFX Color, Serial. FB * MPC 801 Juki Color Printer HR * MPP 1361 8023P. GP * MPS 801 80 Col. 8.5" Wide 7*6 Matrix GFX, Brown, Serial. GP * MPS 802 1526. JB * MPS 803 80 Col. 8.5" Wide 7*6 Matrix GFX, Brown, Serial. GP * MPS 803 80 Col. 8.5" Wide 7*6 Matrix GFX, Charcoal Grey, Serial. GP * MPS 810 Okimate 10 ? CA * MPS 820 Okimate 20 ? CA * MPS 1000 Epson HomeWriter, US Version. 9 pin, 100cps draft. BZ * MPS 1000 Epson HomeWriter, Intl. version with switchable charsets. GD * MPS 1000 Seikosha 1000. * MPS 1200 Citizen 120D. 9 pin 120 cps draft, CBM Serial interface. BW * MPS 1200P MPS 1200 with Parallel Interface. DW * MPS 1224C Mannesmann Tally, 24 pin Color Printer, MT Printer, Ser/Par * MPS 1230 Citizen, 9 pin, Centronics. EB * MPS 1250 Citizen, Serial/Centronics. BZ * MPS 1270 Ink Jet Printer, uses Kodak Diconix Cartridges, Centronics. DL * MPS 1500 ??? * MPS 1550 9 pin printer, Centronics. * MPS 1550C 9 pin 4 color Printer, OLIVETTI DM105, Centronics. MH * MPS 2000 NEC P6 * MPS 2000C NEC P6 Color * MPS 2010 NEC P7 * MPS 2010C NEC P7 Color * VIC 1510 ???? (predecessor of VIC 1515) * VIC 1515 80 Col. 7.0" Wide 6*7 Matrix GFX, Off White, Serial. GY * VIC 1520 80 Col. 4.0" Wide Plotter, GFX, Off White, 4 color. Serial * VIC 1520 80 Col. 4.0" Wide Plotter, GFX, Brown, Paper Cover,Ser. GY * VIC 1520 80 Col. 4.0" Wide Plotter, GFX, Brown, No Paper Cover,Ser. PZ * VIC 1525 80 Col. 8.5" Wide 7*6 Matrix GFX, Off-White, Serial. JB VIC 1525e same as 1525, but ROMs implement slower bus for 64. Monitor Series: * CBM 1070 Dig&Analog RGBI. BR * CBM 1080 13" Comp. Sep, Dig&Analog RGB YC * CBM 1081 1987 German Amiga Monitor MK * CBM 1083S-P1 13" Comp, Sep, D&A RGBI, Stereo, CVBS/RGB/LCA 1991 French PM * CBM 1084 1080 with squarer case .42mm dot pitch * CBM 1084-D 12" Comp. Sep, Dig&Analog RGBI, ???? case, Mono. FM * CBM 1084S-P 13" Comp, Sep, Dig&Analog RGBI, 1902 case, Stereo. FF * CBM 1084S-P1 13" Comp, Sep, Dig&Analog RGBI, 1084 case,stero hphone jack MJ * CBM 1084S-D 13" Comp, Sep, Dig&Analog RGBI, 1080 case, Stereo. JB * CBM 1084S-D1 13" Comp, Sep, Dig&Analog RGBI, 1084 case, Stereo. DE * CBM 1085S 14" .52mm dot pitch 1084 * CBM 1402 12" Hercules Monitor SM * CBM 1403 13" VGA. * CBM 1404 14" Amber Monochrome. * CBM 1407 14" VGA Monochrome, 64 grey tones. * CBM 1450 Monochrome BISYNC monitor. CBM 1601 12" Monochrome monitor. CBM 1701 13" Comp, Sep, 5 pin DIN adaptor, JVC elec. Hitachi tube. JB * CBM 1702 13" Comp, Sep, Came with 8 pin DIN adaptor. Magnavox. JB CBM 1703 Repackaged 1702 for 264 series, Was Charcoal Grey. * CBM 1801 14" Comp, Sep, PAL. JT * CBM 1802 13" Comp, Sep, Mono, Grey, one big knob in front. PS * CBM 1802 13" Comp, Sep, Mono, Grey, Two small knobs in front. * CBM 1802 13" Comp, Sep, Mono, Cream, Tilted screen. * CBM 1802C 13" Comp, Sep, Mono, Cream, Straight screen. * CBM 1900 12" Green Mono Monitor. CBM 1901 European 128 Monitor (Thomson). AC * CBM 1902 13" Comp, Sep, Digital RGBI, has a 9 pin RGB plug. MP * CBM 1902A 13" Comp, Sep, Digital RGBI, Looks like 1084, DIN RGB plug. DL * CBM 1903 13" EGA * CBM 1904 13" EGA * CBM 1930 14" VGA .31mm dot pitch. * CBM 1934 14" VGA .39mm dot pitch. * CBM 1935-II 14" SVGA, .28mm dot pitch, MPR-II low radiation. * CBM 1936 14" SVGA .28mm dot pitch. * CBM 1944 13" EGA Low Radiation * CBM 1940 Amiga Multiscan Monitor * CBM 1942 Amiga Multiscan Monitor FF * CBM 1950 13" MultiScan * CBM 1960 13" MultiScan * CBM 2002-23 13" Comp, Sep, Dig&Analog RGBI. CS * CBM 2002-89 13" Comp, Sep, Dig&Analog RGBI. CBM 2020 * CBM 2024 15" Grey scale 1024*1024(PAL), 1024*800(NTSC). IN * CBM 2080 13" CBM 1080 with High Persistence Phosphors. TM * CBM CM141 13" Comp, Sep., Grey. WS * CBM CM8833 JA * CBM DM-10 12" CGA monochrone text monitor for PC-10. * Viking Moniterm: 19" Grey Scale 1024*1024, Made by Moniterm/CBM. 2024 is similar, but has electronics in monitor. Modem Series: Direct Connect (8010 is aucoustic). * Amiga RS1200 0-1200 bps, Hayes Compatible * Btx-Modul I Cartridge IC to display CEPT GFX (BTX = German CIS) * Btx-Modul II Upgraded version of Btx-Modul I. * CBM 1650 0-300 bps, Pulse Dial, known as 'Automodem' BZ * CBM 1660 0-300 bps, Pulse Dial, Tone Dial with 64, Brown/White DV * CBM 1660 0-300 bps, Pulse Dial, Tone Dial with 64, Cream/Black DV * CBM 1670 0-1200 bps, Hayes Compatible, ATS0=0 turns off Auto-Answer BZ * CBM 1670CR 1670 with DIP switches to turn off default auto-answer JB * CBM 1680 1670 with true RS-232 for Amiga. BZ * CBM 6499 300/300 and 1200/75 bps modem for 64. Italian Compunet? FF * CBM 8010 0-300 bps, US & Euro Versions, IEEE-488 SL * Compunet plugged into Exp. Port, Cream case. * VIC 1600 0-300 bps, No dial. JB * VM 2400 0-2400 bps, CCITT V.24, Model 701324, BTX, MNP 5, V.42bis RL Mouse Series: * CBM 1350 Emulates Joystick only BZ * CBM 1351-1 Emulates Joy and prop mouse. sliding ball release IC * CBM 1351-2 Emulates Joy and prop mouse. rotating ball release IC * CBM 1352 Amiga 2 button Mouse, will work with PC-III models. MN * CBM 1360 Serial Mouse for PC series. * 313254-01 2 button Amiga mouse. BZ * 313255-01 3 button Amiga mouse. CS * CD-1252 Amiga 2 button mouse, black, infrared, CDTV dedicated * CD-1253 CDTV mouse, 8.5 foot cable. black BB RAM Expanders: * 8032099 64kB RAM for 8032. RS * A501 512kB for Amiga 500 AC * A501+ 1MB for Amiga 500+ * A590 Ram Expansion 2MB, SCSI and XT bus for A500 * A601 1MB for Amiga 600 * A1050 256kB for Amiga 1000 (Under Front Cover) CS * A2058-2 2MB for Amiga 2000, expandable to 8 BK * CBM 1700 128kB. WS * CBM 1750 512kB AC * CBM 1764 256kB. JB * CD 1401 Personal RAM Card for CDTV (64kB) * CD 1405 Personal RAM card for CDTV (256kB) * VIC 1110 8kB for VIC-20 WS * VIC 1111 16kB for VIC-20 JB * VIC 1210 3kB for VIC-20 BZ Joysticks: VIC Joystick, Atari style body and stick. * VIC 1311 VIC Joystick, Rectangular body, triangular stick JB * VIC 1312 VIC Paddles MP * Paddles, Dark Grey, Light Grey Knobs. GP * T-1341 Plus 4 Joystick * T-1342 Plus 4 Joystick BZ CPU Upgrade Series: * Amiga 2620 68020 and 68881 @ 14.3 MHz for A2000 CS * Amiga 2630 68030 and 68882 @ 25 MHz for A2000 with 4MB RAM CS * Amiga 3640 68040 CPU Card for A3000T. FF Networking Series: * Amiga 560 ARCNET for Amiga 500. MN * Amiga 2060 ARCNET for A2000 for star topology MN * Amiga 2060 ARCNET for A2000 for bus topology * Amiga 2065 Ethernet for A2000 * Amiga 2232 7 Port Multi-Serial Card. * MBS 100 Mehr-Benutzer-System (Multi-User-System) Mother Unit with SL one D-25 and 1 IEEE-488. Basically a simply-designed peripheral-sharing system * MBS 150 Daughter Unit, had two D-25's and one IEEE-488 * MBS 150 MBS 150 with extra plug to connect 8032SK SL * MBS-CP MBS System for Commodore 64. Cartridge Series: * C64108 Simons' BASIC JB * International Soccer * Magic Desk I MN * Magic Voice Speech Module * Music Machine * Number Nabber JB * Shape Grabber JB * C64403 Music Composer JB * C64601 Jupiter Lander MN * C64602 Kickman * = Bally developed under CBM license JB * C64603 Sea Wolf * JB * C64604 Speed Math/Bingo Math * C64605 Radar Rat Race * C64606 Clowns * MN * C64609 Visible Solar System * C64610 Tooth Invaders C64612 Blueprint * * C64613 Lazarian * * C64614 Omega Race * C64615 Wizard of Wor * C64616 Le Mans * C64617 Pinball Spectacular * C64618 Gorf * C64621 Avenger JB * C64622 Super Smash JB * C64623 Star Post * C64624 Frogmaster * C64631 Star Ranger * 64 Super Expander JB * C16 Tutor JB Jelly Monsters VIC Cart, Pac Man Clone. GFX too close to AB Pac Man. Taken off Market. GFX changed. Re-released as Cosmic Crunchers. * VIC 1211A VIC SuperExpander with 3kB RAM Expansion. (for VIC-20) (gm) JB * VIC 1212 VIC Programmer's Aid. (for VIC-20) BZ * VIC 1213 VIC Machine Language Monitor. (for VIC-20) HS * VIC 1901 Avenger (VIC Avenger) (bp) GY * VIC 1901 Avenger (VIC Avenger) (gm) JB * VIC 1902 Star Battle * VIC 1904 Slot (Super Slot), Japan, embossed aluminum label GY * VIC 1905 Jelly Monsters, Handic SW, Sweden, silver foil label * VIC 1906 Alien (Super Alien) (gm) JB * VIC 1907 Jupiter Lander (Super Lander?) (gm) JB * VIC 1908 Poker (Draw Poker) GY * VIC 1909 Road Race (Midnight Drive) GY * VIC 1909 Rat Race? Handic SW, Sweden, silver foil label AB * VIC 1910 Radar Rat Race GY * VIC 1911 The Sky Is Falling GY * VIC 1912 Mole Attack (gm) JB * VIC 1912 Mole Attack (bp) JB * VIC 1913 Raid On Fort Knox, Hong Kong (gp) GY * VIC 1913 Raid On Fort Knox, Hong Kong (bp) JB * VIC 1914 Adventure Land GY * VIC 1914 Adventure Land (bp) JB * VIC 1915 Pirate's Cove GY * VIC 1916 Mission Impossible GY * VIC 1917 The Count GY * VIC 1917 The Count (bp) JB * VIC 1918 Voodoo Castle GY * VIC 1919 Sargon II Chess (gm) JB * VIC 1920 Pinball (Pinball Spectacular?), Hong Kong, grey plastic lab GY * VIC 1921 Super Smash GY * VIC 1921 Super Smash (bp) JB * VIC 1922 Cosmic Cruncher (bp) JB * VIC 1923 Gorf (bp) JB * VIC 1924 Omega Race (bp) JB * VIC 1924 Omega Race (gm) JB * VIC 1925 Money Wars GY * VIC 1926 Menagerie * VIC 1927 Cosmic Jailhouse (Cosmic Jailbreak), Hong Kong, grey label * VIC 1928 Home Babysitter * VIC 1929 Personal Finance * VIC 1930 Visible Solar System GY * VIC 1931 Clowns GY * VIC 1932 Garden Wars GY * VIC 1933 Speed Math/Bingo Math GY * VIC 1933 Speed Math/Bingo Math (bp) JB * VIC 1935 Commodore Artist (gp) JB * VIC 1937 Sea Wolf (bp) JB * VIC 1938 Tooth Invaders GY * VIC 1939 Star Post (bp) JB * VIC 1941 Number Nabber Shape Grabber VIC 2011 VIC-Stat cartridge. VIC 2012 VIC-Graph cartridge. VIC 2013 VIC-Forth cartridge. Cassette Software Series: * An Introduction to BASIC Part I (VIC) PA * An Introduction to BASIC Part II (VIC) PA * C64301 An Introduction to BASIC Part I (64) JB * VL110 Gorek and the Microchips JB VT106A Recreation Six Pack (Car Chase, Blue Meanies, Space Math, Slither/Super Slither, Bioryhtm Capability) * VT107A Home Utility Six Pack (Cassette with Personal Finance I & 2, VIC Typewriter, Expense Calendar, Loan and Mort. Calc, Home Inventory DR * VT108 Math Improvement Six Pack (Numbowl, LCM Machine, Sector Five, Backfire, Ruler Dueler, City Motel PA * VT109 Six Pack Sampler (Crawler, Treasure of the Bat Cave, Big Wolf, Alpha Draw, Music Synthesizer, Super Seeker PA Diskette Software Series: * C64106 PILOT Programming Language (Large Book) JB * C64207 Easy Script 64 (book, disks, and cardboard case JB * C64220 General Ledger v1.0 JB * C64221 Account's Receivable CO * C64222 Account's Payable CO * C64223 Payroll v1.0 CO * C64626 Infocom Zork II (marketed under CBM name) JB * C64628 Infocom Deadline (marketed under CBM name) JB * C64711 Math III JB * Introduction to Advanced BASIC Commands and Concepts JB * Model 1541 Test/Demo Diskette JB * Commodore 64 Screen Editor JB Miscellaneous Series: * High Speed Graphic Expander for 600/700 Series SK * Tractor Feed for MPS 803 BZ * HiRes Graphics for PET 4000/8000. * MOS Technology EPROM Programmer, Off-White. GP Single Sheet Feeder for CBM 8028. CBM 3040 to CBM 4040 ROM upgrade kit. * 252594-01 CDTV remote controller, standard unit. BB 324402 High Speed Graphics board for CBM 40XX/80XX. PO 1001027-03 PAL TV Modulator for VIC-20. FF * 201490-01 CHESSmate PCB: 201482 Rev A. 4 LEDs, 4 dig display. 19 key MB * Amiga 10 Stereo MultiMedia Speakers, Cream. CS * Amiga 520 RF Modulator Channel 3-4, Audio In, Video Out, RF Out JM * Amiga 570 CD-ROM for Amiga 500+, CDTV compatible. * Amiga 1300 Amiga Genlock made for Amiga 1000. * Amiga 1310 Amiga Genlock. * Amiga 2031 Amiga PAL Video modulator board for A2000 * Amiga 2032 Amiga PAL Video modulator board for A2000 * Amiga 2070 150.250 MB Tape Drive, uses 1/4" tape, Grey, SCSI, A2000 * Amiga 2090 SCSI and ST506 (MFM) MN * Amiga 2090A Autoboot A2090 * Amiga 2091 SCSI Controller, RAM Expansion. CS * Amiga 2300 Amiga Genlock for A2000. Amiga 2301 Semi-professional Genlock (Possibly PAL?) * Amiga 2320 Deinterlacer card. Converts 15.75KHz display to 31.5KHz. * Amiga 2350 Professional Genlock for A2000. Amiga 2351 Genlock (PAL?) * Amiga 2410 "University of Lowell" TIGA Card, 8 bit GFX, TI34010. Amiga 2995 Video Master (Direction rack + Genlock + Video Digitizer) * Amiga 3070 150.250 MB Tape Drive, uses 1/4" tape, Cream, SCSI. CS * Amiga 3406 Amiga RF Modulator. * Amiga 4091 SCSI-2 Controller for Zorro III Slot. * AMIX O.S. ATT SysVR4 for A2000. Requires A2620. * CBM 1399 MicroSwitches Joystick w/ Auto-Fire. * CBM 4010 Voice Response Unit made by Votrax for PETs. * CBM 4270 I/O Controller for CBM PET series. SL * CBM 8072 Graphics Tablet, IEEE-488. * CBM 64850 Magic Voice Module for Commodore 64. (p/n 319000-01 GB * CBM 60110 Commodore 64 CP/M Cartridge. US model? JV * CBM 606480 Commodore 64 CP/M Cartridge. German model? HS * CD 1200 Black external infrared controller for CDTV. * CD 1221 Black version of A4000 Keyboard. CDTV dedicated, not I/R. BZ * CD 1300 Genlock card for CDTV (NTSC) * CD 1301 Genlock card for CDTV (PAL) * CD 1321 SCART card for CDTV CSA 58A-601 Thermostat manufactured for Johnson Controls. DB * Sound Expander CBM SFX FM Sound Expander: uses FM DSS IC in Yamaha DX7 RW * Sound Sampler CBM SFX Sound Sampler RW * x375 Commodore Scanner DI * VIC 1011A RS-232 Interface, Outputted True RS-232 Voltages DT * VIC 1011B RS-232 20mA Current Loop. NP * VIC 1020 Expansion Chassis for VIC AC * VIC 1112 IEEE-488 Interface. HS VIC 1214 VIC Voice Synthesizer. VIC 4011 VIC-REL (Rele') Remote control switch VIC 4012 Vic-Switch. Allow 16 VICs to share drives and printers. * VIC 1010 VIC-20 Expansion Module GE * VM115 Softback Books (VIC Revealed, VIC Games, VIC Graphics, Stimulating Situations for the VIC) ------------------Commodore Models Never Produced or Marketed:---------------- Commodore TOI Series: TOI "The Other Intellect" Commodore PET Series: * CBM 4032-P Portable 4032 Prototype. Had 4032, 4040, and Datasette. RS * CBM 8033 Color 8032. (Used NEC monitor in regular monitor housing) PETREGISTER (CBMREGISTER) Cash register PET (based on 8032). 50 units Commodore VIC Series: VIC-20TV Vic-20 with built in 2" TV Commodore 64 Series: CBM SX-100 Predecessor of the SX-64, had B&W monitor. CBM DX-64 SX-64 with two drives. Commodore 264 Series: * CBM 232 C16 in Plus/4 case with 32 kB RAM * CBM 264 Prototype Plus/4 JB * CBM CV364 264 with keypad and speech synthesizer. * CBM 464 C900 Commodore LCD Series: CBM CLCD Commodore Portable with LCD screen. 1MHz 65C102, BASIC 3.6, 32 kB RAM, 96 kB ROM, 80x16 text display, 480x128 graphics, RS-232-C, Centronics, and H-P Bar Coder Ports, Plus-4 type keyboard, no SID, no sprites, ML Monitor in ROM. CBM C64Laptop Erroneous name for CLCD. Commodore 128 Series: CBM C128PC Preannounce name for C128. * CBM C128D/81 Prototype C128D (plastic) with 3.5" drive AA * CBM 256 128 with 125MB HD, one button mouse, built-in 3.5" drive FD Commodore P series: CBM P128 P-500 * CBM P500 B128 case, 2 joystick ports, 40 column video. LA C900 Series: Prototype UNIX System, dropped after Amiga acquisition Zilog Z8000 CPU, Runs Coherent 0.7.3, UNIX 7 clone, Built-In Floppy, HD, IEEE-488. MFM Disk Controller, 1MB 9600 bps, 500 units made. Came in two versions. * C900/lo LoRes (80*24 Text, Max 6 Serial Lines) PL * C900/hi HiRes (1024*800 Graphics 2 Serial Lines) SL * Z 8000/lo C900/lo PL * Z 8000/hi C900/hi SL Amiga Series: A300 Prototype A600 A300CD A 300 + CD ROM Drive (first name of CD32 unit.) A3000+ 3000 with 25MHz 68040, AGA, DSP. (<100 made) CDTV-II CDTV with built in drive Commodore 64DX Series: had both 64 and 65 mode. built in 1581 style drive. Native mode had BASIC 10.0, dual SID, 128kB and 3.54 MHz 6502 derivative CPU with extra addressing modes. Could access >64kB directly. * CBM C65 Commodore 64 DX Machine JB Drive Series: CBM 1010 Pre 2040 prototype? CBM 1020 Pre 2040 prototype? CBM 1030 Pre 2040 prototype? CBM 1541H High density 1541 drive CBM 1543 1541H CBM 1541D Double 1541 CBM 1561 720kB single 3.5". for Commodore LCD. * CBM 1563 720kB single 3.5". prototype of 1581, found in C128D/81 AA CBM 1571 II 1571 with external PS * CBM 1590-D-1 Single 3.5" 1.44MB, DOS 14.13, 1581 case, Serial. JV CBM 2041 Single 5.25" 170K, DOS1.2,Off-White,No Rel Files,IEEE-488. CBM 4040 LP Dual 5.25" 170K, Off-White, Half Height, IEEE-488 CBM 8070 Dual 8", ???? CBM 8250 LP Prototype, no "tower" PCBs on motherboard PK CBM D9062 Dual D9065. CBM D9065 7.5 MB Hard Drive * 35MB HD, Serial JV 3.5" DD FD for CBM Laptop, battery powered PC Series: * PC-30 PC-20-II with 20MB HD PK * PC-70 prototype of TW486-25C PK PC-80-1 80386DX @ 16MHz, German. PC-80-2 Pentium Pro machine. (US only) A2088T A2088 @ 8 MHz. V20. A2286/6 80286 @ 6MHz BridgeCard. A2286/10 80286 @ 10MHz BridgeCard. CPU Upgrade Series: Amiga 2630 68030 and 68882 @ 33 MHz for A2000 with 4MB RAM Miscellaneous Series: * Amiga 3091 Internal SCSI Controller for A3000. It exists, but is not a product. It is a nickname for the SCSI Controller part of the A3000 Motherboard. -----------------------------Owner Mnemonics:--------------------------------- AA Al Anger coyote@bridge.net AB Adam Bergstrom adam.bergstrom@um.erisoft.se AC Anders Carlsson anders.carlsson@star.ct.se BA Brian Van Avermaete sespgrrmmr@aol.com BB Brian Bell bbell19@nwlink.com BC Barbara Clarke queenbee@mpx.com.au BD Bill Dwyne dwyne@wchat.on.ca BG Bruce Gomes bgomes@magiccarpet.com BK Barry Kryshka avs@visi.com BR Bob Richardson BW Bill Ward BZ Bo Zimmerman bo@prismnet.com CA Chris Alevras CE Chris Eckersley chris@brutaleq.demon.co.uk CH Charlie Hitselberger 72570.2520@compuserve.com CK Cameron Kaiser ckaiser@sdcc17.ucsd.edu CO Carl Sofranko snowhite@borg.com CS Christian Stich DA Doug Armstrong DB David Belter DE David Evola devola@attila.stevens-tech.edu DI Darren Allion DL Daniel Lowe DR Dave Ross dross4@niu.edu DT David Veatch david.veatch@thuemmel.com DV David Villegas mnementh@netcom.com DW Dirk Wilberg Dirk_Wilberg@t-online.de EB Erik Inge Bols eibolsoe@online.no EC Ernie Chorney EG Edward Groenenberg FB Fredrick Backman FD Fred Dagler fdagler@netcom.com FF Fabrizio Farenga FH Frank Hughes frankh@iquest.net FM Frank McKee FRMCKEE@delphi.com FR Francois Bruggemans Francois.Bruggemans@ping.be GB Gene B 103243.446@compuserve.com GD Gregoire Debaiseux GE Gary Pearson GK Golan Klinger GP George Page GR Glen R. Perye III macross@rust.net GV Gerben van Vlimmeren vlimmere@simplex.nl GY Gil Y. Parrish 63430.1546@compuserve.com HR Harold Ross hross@accutrade.com HS Horst Schulte-Schrepping IC Irv Cobb irv_cobb@radiks.net IM Ian MacGowan ev90028@dial.pipex.com IN Thomas 'innot' Holland JA Joerg Amhofer jamhofer@sbox.tu-graz.ac.at JB Jim Brain j.brain@ieee.org JC Joe Cassara joec@graveline.com JL Jim Malenczak jmlnczk@omni.epsb.net JM Jon Mines JO Jim Ronback jronback@direct.ca JP Jim Spindler commsys@syspac.com JR John Robinson R980007@tees.ac.uk JS Jeff Shropshire jshr@ix.netcom.com JT Joe Tiziano JV Jack Vanderwhite ceejack@crl.com KK Ken Kopin KO Kevin Ottum i